News

The situation along Thai-Cambodia border including areas nearby the ancient Preah Vihear temple is still normal, Army Region 2 commander Lt Gen Wibulsak Neepal said on Saturday.

The discussions on disputed border area between Thailand and the neighboring country continued smoothly and it is believed that the border problem will be gradually resolved, Lt Gen Wibulsak said.

Asked about the called for a reopening of Preah Vihear national park for Thai and foreign tourists to visit the Khmer ancient temple, the commander of army region 2 said it would take sometimes before the national park can be reopened. It will need a joint agreement between Thailand and Cambodia on where the tourists can visit for their safety.

Fight for the CPP and you may end up being ... unpaid

2009-08-07T22:59:00.000-07:00

More than 170 disabled former soldiers gathered in protest Friday against the provincial authorities of Banteay Meanchey, who they say have not paid them a raise in their monthly disability benefits.

All disabled soldiers in Cambodia receive monthly compensation of varying amounts depending on rank. Each of the 173 protesters in Banteay Meanchey should receive between 80,000 riel and 250,000 riel, about $20 to $62.

That amount includes a 20 percent bump provided by a directive from Prime Minister Hun Sen in 2008.

But soldiers say they are not seeing the raise in their monthly payments, and that those payments sometimes don’t arrive at all.

Choeung Chanthol, 48, who lost the use of his right arm fight the Khmer Rouge in Thmar Pouk district in 1988, told VOA Khmer the disabled soldiers needed the increase to their payment to cover the increased cost of living.

“Prime Minister Hun Sen provided us with an increase of 20 percent, so we must get it,” he said.

“We need the money, because we are very poor,” said Moeun Sak, 42, who is paralyzed in the left arm and leg. “We do not have any jobs, so we depend on the payment from the government.”

Oum Chantha, chief of Banteay Meanchey’s provincial cabinet, said Friday the authorities have received a request from the disabled soldiers and are working on the problem.

“We will not allow this problem for the disabled,” he said. “All the disabled must wait for the resolution from the provincial governor later this month.”

Laos, Russia to mark 50th anniversary of diplomatic ties

2009-08-07T15:27:00.000-07:00

(KPL) Deputy Minister of Information and Culture Bouangeun Saphouvong, received here a courtesy visit of Russian Ambassador to Laos, Mr Vladimir Plotnikov.
On this occasion, Mr Bouangeun, expressed congratulation and highly valued the mission of the Russian Ambassador who has contributed to the development of the cooperation ties between Laos and Russia.
Russian Ambassador informed the preparation for the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the diplomatic relations between Russia and Laos.
“The Russian Ministry of Culture would organise the Russian cinema week-end in Vientiane, from 29 October to 2 November, during the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Russian-Lao diplomatic relations,” he said.

Korean investor forks out millions greenback on trade centre construction

2009-08-07T15:26:00.000-07:00

KPL) A Korean company will invest US$15 million in the construction of a new trade centre on 5.5 ha at Nong Chanh area, Nong Chanh village, Sisatthanark district, Vientiane Capital.
The Korean Taekwondo Industry Federation signed a memorandum of understanding with the Lao Government on 5 August at the Donchanh Palace, Vientiane Capital.
The company will conduct a feasibility study, design and develop a master plan for Nong Chanh north, and it will write an economic analysis and the evaluation of environment and social impact in order to develop an infrastructure system.
Under the MoU, the Government has granted a 50-year lease of Nong Chanh area to the South Korean company. The construction of the complex will take 54 months.
The MOU was signed by the Director of the Planning and Investment Department, Dr. Bounphone Sisoulath, Chief of Sisattanark district, Mr. Oudone Saimountry, and the Chairman of Korean Taekwondo Industry Federation, Mr. Na Hyun Duk and its director Mr. Pak Kye Hee in the witnesses of Deputy Vientiane Mayor Dr. Anouphab Tounalom and officials concerned.

Laotians use Japanese abacus to develop thinking skills

2009-08-07T15:25:00.000-07:00

(KPL) The Japanese abacus, a great gadget to develop thinking skills is not new to Laos as EDF-Lao or Education Development Foundation of Laos introduced it to schoolchildren in 2006.
Miss Sojiwajn Serthsri, from the Bangkok-based Institute of Promotion of Science and Technology told the KPL News reporter that this instrument helps school pupils to concentrate as they have to think when they use the Japanese abacus.
However, those who train for long hours on the abacus can operate at a rather fantastic speed because they had already internalized the thinking concepts of the Japanese abacus system so much so that they can beat the space age calculator. .
To ensure that the it is strongly entrenched in Laos, EDF-Laos is taking the step of training Laotians to become trainers of abacus teachers and so they will spawn abacus teachers.
Miss Sojiwajn is now teaching 14 Lao school teachers from Vientiane and Khammouan provinces to become trainers of Japanese abacus teachers.
When they complete this five-day course, funded by EDF-Laos, held at Ministry of Education Guesthouse in Vientiane, they would be tasked to train their colleagues to become abacus teachers.Presently,15 schools in Laos teach pupils on how to use the Japanese abacus but when the present batch of school teachers complete their training for trainers course one can expect to see many more schools offering such a course.
Also, one can expect a rapid surge in the popularity of this gadget, as Miss Sojiwajn said that the young primary school children in Laos have a liking for the abacus because they can touch and feel it and they generally find it easy to learn.
On the other hand, the Thai teacher said that to attain a complete mastery of the Japanese abacus one has to be disciplined, hardworking and to be prepared for a slow and uphill slog.
I spent 10 months in Japan just to master this gadget and each day I would work on the Japanese abacus for as long as 13 hours, she added.
One of the ways of spurring usage and interest in this ancient gadget is to organize Japanese abacus competitions in Laos and this is likely to be held when there is a critical mass of users, said Miss Sojiwajn.
Last but not least this gadget is for all to learn to use to develop their thinking skills and so even the old have the mental capability to learn its functions and to enjoy the thrill of thinking lucidly.

Laos discusses food safety production with neighbouring countries

2009-08-07T15:23:00.000-07:00

(KPL) Laos has shared ideas with six neighbouring countries regarding an Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measure (SPS) in order to prepare for membership of the World Trade Organisation (WTO).
The discussion was held in Luang Prabang province on 3-6 August under the chairperson of Mme Khemmany Pholsena, Deputy Minister of Industry and Commerce.
Taking part in the function were experts from Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos.
Mrs Khemmany said that, “the meeting was not only a good opportunity for Laos to understand the SPS but also created cooperation network on trade among the seven neighbouring countries”.
She said the government approved new laws last month namely livestock, quarantine and fishery. These laws are fundamental for health care of humans, animals and crops which are involved in the SPS.
“The SPS is a basic knowledge for the determination of food safety, crops and animals production and upgrades the quality of foodstuff production to the international standard,” she continued.

Many entertainment places to close during SEA Games

2009-08-07T15:22:00.000-07:00

(KPL) Some night pubs or entertainment places throughout Vientiane Capital might be ordered to close their operation temporarily during the 25th SEA Games, after having entertainment places found as guilty.
Yesterday, the Ministry of Public Security told KPL news that it would prepare a plan to join a co-operation with Vientiane Capital Information and Culture Office in inspecting the entertainment places, which have been seen as seriously social impact.
It pointed out that now many young people including students who have only 13-18 age, were seen in society they were being persuaded by many unsuitable things especially some entertainment places, which infringed regulations and principle.
Mr Sengpheth Phommaly, Deputy Head of Vientiane Capital Security Office disclosed yesterday that police officers have prepared their plan in order to cope with SEA Games by inspecting the entertainment places and cracking down the criminal gang throughout Vientiane Capital.
Now police officers suspected that having many entertainment places in Vientiane were accused of violating regulations, which involved with allowing many lower-age students to night pub and opening over times.
“Some entertainment places might be risky of enticing the young people step into necrotic drug easier if we no have any regulations for controlling them” said Mr Sengpheth.
He said that many ten places across the Vientiane Capital would be ordered to close their operation temporarily when police officers found many shortfall and guilty. As a group of business people who operate their business on entertainment they opened green light for young people aged lower than 18 year-old going to night pub.
He added that now the criminal and thief issues have been increased continuously, almost of cases are involved with young people.

New flu infection reaches 162

2009-08-07T15:21:00.000-07:00

(KPL) The number of confirmed cases of type-A (H1N1) flu has reached 162, one of whom died.
The virus spread in eight provinces in Laos, reported the National Coordination Office of Contagious Disease Control and Prevention on 4 August.
While the new type influenza A (H1N1) virus is now erupting in over 160 countries worldwide with 134,503 people infected with the virus and 816 deaths and it seems to further spread seriously, according to the World Health Organisation on 30 July.
As a worsen result, the National Coordination Office of Contagious Disease Control and Prevention, on 5 August, held a lecture on new type influenza A (H1N1) virus and prevention approach to students and teachers of Comcenter College.
Dr Bounlay Phommasak who is responsible for the National Coordination Office of Contagious Disease Control and Prevention, pointed to the adverse effects of new type influenza A (H1N1) pandemic worldwide. This virus led to high rate of casualty worldwide which tends to further rise.

Laos plans to produce over 45,000 tonnes of sugar for export

2009-08-07T15:20:00.000-07:00

(KPL) A giant sugar-producing private company in Laos will increase its sugar production capacity to 45,000 tonnes for export to the European Union by this year.
The export of sugar this year will increase to 25,000 tonnes if compared to last year’s, said Mr Banthuang Vongkusonkit, Manager of Lao Mithpol Company.
He added that the sugar mill was officially opened last year, with a production capacity of more than 23,000 tonnes, mainly for export. 95 percent of this year’s product would be exported to the European market and the rest would be for local market.
“Last year, we exported more than 20,000 tonnes of sugar to the United Kingdoms, which was the first year of our export,” he said.
This year, we expected to produce more than 45,000 tonnes sugar for export, he said.
Presently, the company has more than 8,149 hectares of sugarcane plantations in three districts of Saybouly, Outhoumphone and Champhone, central Savannakhet province.
The company will expand the plantation by 10,000 hectares this year.
Mr Banthueang said that, “we planned to plant sugarcanes on 3,000 hectares nearby Thakhek and Se Bangfay districts in Khammouane province, and more than 2,000 hectares in Atsaphone and Champhone districts, Savannakhet province.
The plan was proposed to the government and is now under consideration.

Nam Houai Long weir in Savannakhet transferred

2009-08-07T15:19:00.000-07:00

(KPL) Nam Houai Long weir in Outhomphone district, Savannakhet province, was transferred to local authorities for further use and management after the construction completed two months ago.
The hand-over ceremony of the weir was held at Napho village, Outhomphone district.
This weir would benefit local farmers of Napho village in agriculture and animal husbandry, which will generate income to their families and enable them to attain sufficiency in rice production.
The weir construction began in 2008 and completed in June 2009, and was funded by the World Vision and local contribution of 219 million kip.
The weir has an irrigation capacity of 12,000 cubic metres and can feed the plantation of cash crops on two hectares and 15 ha of dry-season rice cultivation.

Local journalists upgraded

2009-08-07T15:18:00.000-07:00

(KPL) Thirty-five journalists from seven provinces upgraded their skill and knowledge on the media role and the media law in a course held in Borikhamsay province on 3-9 August. The journalists are from Borikhamsay, Khammouane, Savannakhet, Champassak, Saravane, Attapeu and Sekong provinces.
In the five-day training, the journalists learned about how to write news, articles, media law and role of the mass media.
The training course was organised by the Mass Media Institute, Ministry of Information and Culture, in cooperation with the Information and Culture Service of Borikhamsay province. Mr. Vilaythong Sysanon, Head of the Mass Media and Culture Institute, and Mr. Bounsouk Vongvannasay, Deputy Director of Information and Culture Service of Borikhamsay, were on hand.

Saythany district is promoting monsoon cash crop cultivation

2009-08-07T15:17:00.000-07:00

(KPL) Saythany district of Vientiane Capital planned to grow rice in main rainy season on 14,300 hectares is now 96 per cent complete.
The cultivation practice will complete as plan this month, said Head of Agriculture and Forestry Office of Saythany district, Mr. Banelom Si-akhasone.
He continued that authorities of Saythany district also promoted local people to grow monsoon cash crops on 600 ha, which was 84 per cent complete.
For the meat production was reached by 6,000 tonnes in the first half of this year as its plan was 6,400 tonnes of meats.
Saythany district dispatched technical officials in bid farmers to plant more cash crops and gave new technique to farmers.
At the present, Saythany district authorities are accelerating to cultivate organic vegetables in Thatngone area where is an initial area which has 12 families.
In addition, they grew papayas, lemongrasses and galangals in two villages of Duangboudy and Vernthang.

HIV/AIDS/STI Control Centre receives 600,000 Euro from CMCL to treating HIV/AIDS in Laos

2009-08-07T15:15:00.002-07:00

(KPL) AIDS STI Control Centre received 600,000 Euro from the Christophe Merieux Centre Laos (CMCL) to assist in diagnosing and treating HIV/AIDS in Laos.
The grant finance will assist in the diagnosing of HIV/AIDS using the virus viral load method that can also assist in determining an effective method of treatment if a positive test is returned.In the past periods the centre had to send blood samples for testing in Thailand, which cost is USD 100 per test. The grant assistance will help the patients to spend only USD 20 per test.
MOU was signed in Vientiane Capital on 5 August between Head of the HIV/AIDS/STI Control Centre, Dr. Chansy Phimphachanh and Director of CMCL, Mr. Ot Manolin among the witness of both sides.
HIV/AIDS/STI Control Centre undertakes numerous activities and prevents, treat and diagnose HIV/AIDS in Laos. According to states centre, in the first six months of last year has 145 people between the ages of 15 to 35 tested positive for HIV, 55 percent were female. In 1990 to June 2008 has 2.858 people in Laos tested positive for HIV. Of these 1,837 cases developed in to AIDS and 873 people died from the virus.
Worldwide, the virus affects over 33 million people and an average of 14,000 people becomes infected every day.

Laos, VN accelerate special relationship

2009-08-07T15:15:00.001-07:00

(KPL) The Laos-Vietnam co-operation has seen positive changes, which have helped accelerate the bilateral special relationship, participants at the Vietnam-Laos Inter-governmental Committee were told.
The committee’s three-day mid-term session, which wrapped up in Vietnam’s Cua Lo township on 4 August, also heard that priority was being given co-operation in training, according to VNA report yesterday. The session focused on evaluating the six-month implementation of a Joint Economic, Culture, Science and Technology Agreement, signed between the two governments early this year. Measures to speed up the implementation of the agreement were also discussed.
The two sides applauded the close co-ordination between ministries, industries, cities and provinces between the two countries in implementing the signed agreements.
The export turnover between Vietnam and Laos reached US$196 million in the first half of this year.
Vietnamese businesses rank the third among top investors in Laos. By June-end this year, the Lao Government licensed 186 projects worth over $2 billion. Firms in the two countries also exchanged dialogue to tackle difficulties, and speed up investment co-operation in their respective countries.
The two sides have signed co-operation agreements relevant to industry and trade, traffic, food hygiene and safety. The Vietnamese Government has also sent economic experts to Laos to help the country review its renewal process.
From now till the end of this year, Vietnam will continue helping Laos train young people and successfully organise the 25th SEA Games. The two countries will also implement measures to improve training quality for students between the two sides.Other tasks such as reducing tax rate, import tax and simplifying customs procedures, creating conditions to raise import-export turnover were also put forward.
A minutes of the meeting was signed in the witness of Deputy Prime Minister and chairman of Vietnam-Laos Joint Sub-committee Nguyen Sinh Hung and his Lao counterpart Deputy Prime Minister Somsavat Lengsavad.

Privates companies grants to make Constitution Day

2009-08-07T15:14:00.001-07:00

(KPL) Three private companies of Sengsavanh College, Phongsavanh Bank and Assurances Generales du Laos provided 19.5 million kip to support the 18th anniversary founding of Constitution Day on 4 August (from 15 August 1991 to 15 August 2009).
The handing over ceremony took place at the National Assembly, Mr Thongtheun Sayasean, Head Office of National Assembly received representatives of three companies.
On this occasion, Mr. Thongtheun expressed thanks to three privates companies for contribution to the upcoming the Constitution Day

Orphan students in Luang Prabang receives aids from GPAR

2009-08-07T15:12:00.000-07:00

(KPL) The Governance and Public Administration Reform (GPAR) programme in Luang Prabang province provided a number of aids to orphan students in Luang Prabng province on 31 July.
The aid was presented by an expert of International Volunteer and received by Mr. Sengchane Sinsay, Director of Orphan School in the presence of teachers and students.
Last year the GPAR gave a number of agriculture tools to the Orphan school in Luang Prabang province.
In addition, the GPAR also presented aid relief package and cloth to students of ethnic school in Nam Bark and Xieng Ngeun district, Luang Prabang province

Tamil Rebels Say New Leader Arrested

2009-08-07T15:04:00.000-07:00

COLOMBO — Sri Lankan authorities questioned the new leader of the Tamil Tiger rebels Friday after he was arrested in Southeast Asia and flown to this island nation.

Selvarasa Pathmanathan, the insurgent group's former chief arms smuggler, assumed the leadership of the Tamil Tigers after government forces routed the rebels in May in northern Sri Lanka and killed their revered leader, Velupillai Prabhakaran.
A Tamil civilian at the Manik Farm refugee camp on the outskirts of the northern Sri Lankan town of Vavuniya in May. Sri Lanka has directed all international relief agencies, including the Red Cross, to scale down operations following the defeat of the Tamil Tiger rebels. (Photo: AFP)

Pathmanathan was believed to be based in Southeast Asia in recent years and was one of the few rebel leaders to survive the government offensive that demolished the separatists' shadow state in northern Sri Lanka and ended the quarter century civil war.

But as Pathmanathan, known by his nom de guerre KP, worked to revive the Tamil Tigers, the government pushed for his arrest.

The rebels said in a statement that Pathmanathan was arrested Wednesday near a hotel in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A pro-rebel Web site said Pathmanathan had gone to the hotel to meet relatives of the group's slain political leader, Balasingham Nadesan. He left the room to answer a phone call, but did not return, it said.

A Malaysian Defense Ministry spokeswoman said the ministry has no information about the reported arrest, and that it would have been handled by the police. She cannot be identified under the ministry's briefing rules.

Malaysian national police chief Musa Hassan said he knew nothing about an arrest and declined to comment further.

Sri Lanka's Island newspaper, quoting anonymous sources, said Pathmanathan had been captured in Thailand.

Thai government spokesman Panitan Wattanayagorn denied he was arrested there but said there were "reports that he has been traveling in and out of Thailand."

A Thai military intelligence official said Pathamanathan had been hiding in northern Thailand under a false identity in recent months. The official spoke on condition of anonymity because the government did not want to acknowledge his presence in the country.

Sri Lanka's military spokesman Brig. Udaya Nanayakkara said Pathmanathan—who was wanted by Interpol—had been brought to Sri Lanka and was being interrogated. He refused to say where Pathmanathan had been arrested or whether the military or police had custody of him.

The arrest was expected to give President Mahinda Rajapaksa and his allies a boost ahead of local government elections Saturday in the northern towns of Jaffna and Vavuniya, just outside the rebels' former heartland.

The government said the polls proved it was returning democracy to the region, but it has been criticized for banning foreign media from traveling to the towns to cover the elections.

The Sri Lankan authorities planned to hold a news conference Friday to discuss the arrest, a major blow to the rebel group's efforts to regroup after its devastating battlefield defeat.

Soon after the defeat, Pathmanathan declared himself the new leader of the Tamil Tigers, swore off violence and worked to transform a group shunned internationally as a terror organization into a democratic movement for Tamil statehood.

Hiroshima Calls for Abolishing Nuke Weapons

2009-08-07T15:02:00.000-07:00

HIROSHIMA — Hiroshima's mayor urged global leaders on Thursday to back President Barack Obama's call to abolish nuclear weapons as Japan marked the 64th anniversary of the world's first atomic bomb attack.

In April, Obama said that the United States—the only nation that has deployed atomic bombs in combat—has a "moral responsibility" to act and declared his goal to rid the world of the weapons.
Doves fly over the Peace Memorial Park with a view of the gutted A-bomb dome at a ceremony in Hiroshima on August 6 to mark the 64th anniversary of the atomic bombing on the city. (Photo: AFP)

At a solemn ceremony to commemorate the victims of the August 6, 1945, attack, Hiroshima's Mayor Tadatoshi Akiba welcomed that commitment.

"We refer to ourselves, the great global majority, as the 'Obamajority,' and we call on the rest of the world to join forces with us to eliminate all nuclear weapons by 2020," Akiba said. The bombed-out dome of the building preserved as the Hiroshima Peace Memorial loomed in the background, and hundreds of white doves were released into the air as he finished speaking.

About 50,000 attended the ceremony, including officials and visitors from countries around the world, though the United States did not have an official representative at the ceremony.

Hiroshima was instantly flattened and an estimated 140,000 people were killed or died within months when the American B-29 bomber Enola Gay dropped its deadly payload in the waning days of World War II.

Three days after that attack on Hiroshima, the U.S. dropped a plutonium bomb on the city of Nagasaki, killing about 80,000 people. Japan surrendered on Aug. 15, ending World War II. A total of about 260,000 victims of the attack are officially recognized by the government, including those that have died of related injuries or sickness in the decades since.

Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso also spoke at Thursday's ceremony, saying he hoped the world would follow Tokyo's efforts to limit nuclear proliferation.
Smoke billowing 20,000 feet above Hiroshima, Japan on August 6, 1945, after the first atomic bomb was dropped on the city. (Photo: AFP/The National Archives)

"Japan will continue to uphold its three non-nuclear principles and lead the international community toward the abolishment of nuclear weapons and lasting peace," he said.

The three principles state that Japan will not make, own or harbor nuclear weapons.

Later in the day, Aso signed an agreement with a group of atomic bomb survivors who had been seeking recognition and expanded health benefits from the government.

The anniversary passed during a period of heightened tensions in the region, just months after North Korea conducted an underground nuclear test blast in May.

A similar ceremony will be held in Nagasaki on Sunday.

Associated Press writer Jay Alabaster contributed to this report.

Cambodia Bans 'Miss Landmine' Beauty Pageant

2009-08-07T14:59:00.000-07:00

PHNOM PENH — The Cambodian government said it will not allow a "Miss Landmine" beauty pageant to take place this week, calling it an insult to the disabled.

"The land mine beauty contest would make a mockery of Cambodia's land mine victims," said government spokesman Khieu Khanarith on Monday. "The government does not support this contest."
Cambodia is one of the most heavily mined countries in the world.

The Ministry of Social Affairs sent a letter to the pageant's organizers last week informing them of the ban and saying the contest would damage "the dignity and honor of our disabled."

The contest was scheduled to be held this Friday. The Ministry of Social Affairs was supposed to be one of the pageant's partners, along with the Ministry of Women's Affairs and other groups, according to the pageant's Web site, http://miss-landmine.org/.

The Miss Landmine site says the pageant's goal is to empower its participants and other disabled people and raise awareness about the dangers of land mines.

The Web siteshows photos of the 20 Cambodian contestants, all in crowns and dresses, with missing limbs. They range in age from 18 to 48.

Organizer Morten Traavik said he was "disappointed" with the government's decision but would still hold the contest over the Internet and announce the winner on December 31.

"I am extremely disappointed with the government's decision," Traavik said. "I have tried to find a solution but we cannot reach an agreement."

Traavik launched the first Miss Landmine pageant in Angola in 2007.

An estimated 4 million to 6 million land mines and other unexploded ordinance remain in Cambodia, a legacy from decades of civil war. Hundreds are killed or wounded every year.

Malaysia Blanketed in Smoke from Indonesian Fires

2009-08-07T14:58:00.000-07:00

KUALA LUMPUR — Fires blazing in Indonesia sent a blanket of haze over neighboring Malaysia's largest city on Wednesday, obscuring the sun and leaving an acrid smell in the air.

The pollution caused the air quality to drop to unhealthy levels in Kuala Lumpur and Sarawak state in eastern Malaysia.
Smoke rises from wildfires in Pelalawan, Sumatra island, Indonesia on July 23. Government negligence, rampant development and illegal land clearing often combined to spark wildfires in Indonesia that annually ravage thousands of acres of forest and could cover parts of neighboring Malaysia and Singapore in thick, noxious haze.)

The haze, which can cause health problems, drifts across the region each year in the dry season when Indonesian farmers illegally set brush fires to clear land for planting.

Malaysia's Department of Environment readings showed air quality was "unhealthy" in six areas around Kuala Lumpur and Sarawak — both of which are close to areas in Indonesia. Only three of 50 monitoring stations across Malaysia recorded "good" air quality, while elsewhere it was "moderate."

Visibility in one town in Sarawak was down to less than 800 yards (meters), according to the Meteorological Department. Generally visibility throughout Malaysia was at least 2.5 miles (4 kilometers). Visibility on a clear day exceeds 6 miles (10 kilometers).

Environment Minister Douglas Unggah Embas is scheduled to fly to Riau province in Indonesia to attend a regional meeting on the problem this weekend.

Unggah has reportedly proposed building dams in peat swamps to pull water from them to fight the fires.

Malaysia and Singapore have complained since 1997 about haze drifting from Indonesia. The last time a severe haze affected those countries was in 2006.

The smog causes health problems and losses amounting to billions of dollars from lost tourism revenue and flight delays due to low visibility, among other things.

Indonesia has argued it lacks the money and the ability to stem the illegal practice of setting the fires as well as the resources to effectively fight them.

Vietnam Says Booting Buddhist Monks Not Repression

2009-08-07T14:55:00.000-07:00

HANOI — Monks following a world-famous Buddhist teacher are being evicted from a Vietnamese monastery for failing to clear their activities with the government, an official said Tuesday, but he denied the dispute was about religious freedom.

Followers of Thich Nhat Hanh, who has sold more than 1 million books in the West, say the government is punishing them because their France-based leader suggested that his native Vietnam's communist government should abolish its control of religion.
Buddhist monks display a container holding what is believed to be a relic of Buddha for devotees during a welcoming ceremony for the relics in Hanoi on June 6. (Photo: Reuters)

However, Bui Huu Duoc of the government's Committee on Religious Affairs, blamed the dispute on a failure to abide by local regulations and said it is normal for governments to oversee the operations of religious groups operating within their borders.

"Managing religious groups doesn't mean controlling them," Duoc, who oversees Buddhist affairs for the committee, said in an interview with The Associated Press. "We're here to facilitate their efforts to do good things for the country."

However, Duoc did allow that officials were "very surprised" at postings on the main Web site for Hanh's main monastery in southern France calling for the government to disband religious police.

Vietnam formally recognizes less than a dozen religions, and they are all required to register with the state.

Hanh's followers have been asked to leave the Bat Nha monastery in the Central Highlands by early September.

Tensions at Bat Nha boiled over in late June, when a mob descended on the site with sledgehammers, damaged buildings and threatened the Plum Village monks and nuns. Authorities also cut off electricity at the site.

The dispute represents a remarkable turnaround from four years ago, when France-based Hanh returned to his native land after 39 years of exile. He had been forced out of what was then US-backed South Vietnam in 1966 for criticizing the Vietnam War. His return in 2005 made the front pages of state-owned newspapers.

Hanh's brand of Buddhism is very popular in the West. Followers from around the world travel to his Plum Village monastery in southern France to study with him. He is perhaps the best known Buddhist after the Dalai Lama.

Vietnamese Zen master Thich Nhat Hanh. He is perhaps the best known Buddhist after the Dalai Lama.
When Hanh's followers first came in 2005, Duoc said, Vietnamese authorities approved their activities. But since July 2008, he said, they have offered 11 courses at the Bat Nha monastery without permission.

Hanh's followers say they have kept the official Vietnam Buddhist Church fully informed.

They were invited to practice at Bat Nha by Abbot Duc Nghi during Hanh's 2005 visit and say they have since spent nearly $1 million expanding the property and adding new buildings.

Nghi could not be reached for comment, but Duoc says the abbot now wants the nearly 400 Hanh followers at the monastery to leave.

Hanh's followers believe Nghi is simply responding to pressure from above.

Duoc also said Tuesday that Vietnamese officials were "very surprised" by postings that appeared on the Plum Village Web site in February 2008. These included suggestions that Hanh made to President Nguyen Minh Triet during a 2007 visit to Hanoi, he said.

Among them was a proposal to abolish the Committee on Religious Affairs, disband Vietnam's religious police, and make modifications to the formal names of both the communist party and the state, known as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

"When we first saw that information posted on the Plum Village Web site, we thought it must have been a mistake," Duoc said.

Massive Turnout for Aquino Cortege in Manila

2009-08-07T14:52:00.000-07:00

MANILA — Masses of mourners chanted the name of former President Corazon Aquino as her body was escorted through the Philippine capital's rain-soaked streets Monday.

The five-hour funeral procession, slowed by mobs of followers, traced some of the same streets where hundreds of thousands of protesters—inspired by the woman in a yellow dress—faced down army tanks 23 years ago and ousted a dictator.
Honor guards stand beside the flag-draped casket of the late former Philippines President Corazon Aquino as it passes by the monument of her assassinated husband Benigno Aquino Jr. at Manila's financial district of Makati, Philippines on Monday. (Photo: AP)

On Monday, tens of thousands left their offices, schools and homes and converged on streets and overpasses, clutching clumps of yellow balloons, waving yellow ribbons and showering confetti on Aquino's flag-draped casket, carried on a flatbed truck bedecked with flowers. Yellow was the symbol of the nonviolent mass "people power" uprising that forced Ferdinand Marcos from power in 1986.

As rays of sunshine broke through the clouds, a man on a bicycle released four doves. Manila's notorious traffic came to a standstill as drivers rolled down windows and put out their hands flashing Aquino's trademark "L'' sign for "laban," or "fight" in Filipino, her slogan in the campaign that toppled Marcos' 20-year repressive rule.

Many of the mourners—nuns, priests, students, wealthy residents and their uniformed maids—wore yellow, Aquino's favored color. Huge banners displayed "Thank You Corazon Aquino" and "You're Not Alone"—an Aquino slogan from the 1986 revolt.

Aquino died early Saturday at a Manila hospital after a yearlong battle with colon cancer. She was 76.

From a school stadium where the casket had been open for public viewing since her death Saturday, the motorcade passed by a "people power" shrine on EDSA highway, where hundreds of thousands of her supporters blocked Marcos' tanks in 1986.

Along Ayala Avenue, where Aquino led many pro-democracy marches, employees from high rises rained yellow confetti on the crowds below—reminiscent of the anti-Marcos protests that Aquino led.

"I have not seen a crowd like this," said Franklin Drilon, Aquino's former Cabinet aide. "The people here are very enthusiastic, people in sandals, people in coat and tie, young and old with babies, they're coming out waving."

Instead of the usual stock figures, the Philippine Stock Exchange's streetside neon screen flashed Aquino's favorite nickname with her portrait and a message: "Goodbye Cory and Thank You So Much Cory."

The funeral convoy briefly stopped at a monument to Aquino's assassinated husband, Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino Jr.

"I'm looking out the window now, and I see women crying," said daughter Kris Aquino. "I really just appreciate the love. Everybody's saying thank you to us for sharing my mom."

After driving across the congested capital for nearly five hours, Aquino's funeral convoy reached the Manila Cathedral, where her children, former Cabinet members and fellow pro-democracy activists gathered for a Mass.

Her body will lie in state for public viewing until Wednesday's funeral.

Aquino rose to prominence after the 1983 assassination of her husband upon his return from U.S. exile to challenge Marcos. She later led the largest funeral procession Manila had ever seen, with crowd estimates as high as 2 million, and emerged as a leader of a broad-based opposition movement.

Marcos claimed victory over Aquino in a snap 1986 election, but the polls were widely seen as fraudulent. A group of military officers rebelled against him, triggering three days of "people power" protests by hundreds of thousands that finally toppled Marcos.

In office, Aquino struggled to meet high public expectations. Her land redistribution program fell short of ending economic domination by the landed elite.

Plane Hits Control Tower at Thai Airport

2009-08-07T14:50:00.000-07:00

BANGKOK — A plane skidded off the runway and crashed into an air traffic control tower after landing on the Thai resort island of Samui on Tuesday, killing the pilot, an official said.

About 10 people were hospitalized with minor injuries after the Bangkok Airways flight landed in stormy weather and hit the airport's old tower, said Kanikka Kemawutanond, director-general of the Department of Civil Aviation.
A Bangkok Airways plane is seen after it skidded off the runway while attempting to land during heavy rains on Samui island, Surat Thani province in southern Thailand on Tuesday. (Photo: AP)

The nationalities of those on board were not immediately known.

Samui, located 298 miles (480 kilometers) south of Bangkok, is an island in the Gulf of Thailand popular with foreign tourists.

Kanikka said the ATR72 twin-turboprop had 68 passengers, two pilots and two crew members on board and was flying from Krabi, another popular resort area in southern Thailand.

"The weather was very bad during landing with heavy rain and wind," she said.

The plane hit a building that had once been used as an air traffic control tower but is now part of a fire fighting station, police Maj. Col. Sayan Sartsri said.

"The heavy damage was at the front of the plane where the pilot was. It looks like he suffered from the impact," he said. "We still have a few people stuck in the middle of the plane, waiting to be evacuated."

Kanikka said the Samui airport runway was closed after the accident and at least one Thai Airways flight was canceled.

In 1990, a Bangkok Airways turboprop crashed into a coconut grove short of the airport during heavy rain, killing all 37 people on board.

Southeast Asia Sharing More Intelligence after Jakarta Attacks

2009-08-07T14:48:00.000-07:00

MANILA — Southeast Asian countries are sharing more intelligence following the deadly hotel bombings in Jakarta in case they herald a new wave of terrorist strikes in the region, a top Philippine security official said Thursday.

The bomb design and mode of attack matched those used by Jemaah Islamiyah, although there has been no evidence to pin last Friday's bombings on the Southeast Asian terror network, National Security Adviser Norberto Gonzales said.

The blasts at the J.W. Marriott and Ritz-Carlton hotels, the first terrorist attack in Indonesia in nearly four years, killed nine people, including six foreigners and two suspected suicide bombers. More than 50 people were wounded.

"It's very JI," Gonzales told a news conference.

"We cannot disregard the possibility of a JI resurgence in the region," he said. "We're really beginning to exchange analysis and information with our neighbors now."

The Philippines has long faced Muslim militancy in its volatile south, and has recently been hit by a series of bombings.

An attack outside a Roman Catholic cathedral in Cotabato City on July 5 killed six people and wounded dozens. Two days later, a motorcycle bomb on Jolo Island killed at least two people and wounding 20 more. Another bomb that day in Iligan city wounded 11 people.

Gonzales said there were strong indications that Indonesian Jemaah Islamiyah militants played a role.

The military here has long suspected Jemaah Islamiyah militants of training Filipino militants from the Moro Islamic Liberation Front and the smaller but more violent Abu Sayyaf group in bomb-making and other acts of sabotage.

The 11,000-strong Moro Islamic Liberation Front has denied any links with Jemaah Islamiyah.

About 20 to 30 Indonesian radicals belonging to the al-Qaida-linked Jemaah Islamiyah are believed to hide in the southern Philippines, including top terror suspects Umar Patek and Dulmatin, who goes by one name.

Several Indonesians, including Patek and Dulmatin, have been hiding with the Abu Sayyaf on Jolo island. Others have been given sanctuary by a number of Moro Islamic Liberation Front commanders without permission from the group's leadership, according to the military.

Patek and Dulmatin have been linked by Indonesian authorities to the 2002 Bali nightclub bombings that killed 202 people, many of them foreigners.

But Pedro Cabuay Jr, director-general of the National Intelligence Coordinating Agency, said no link has been found between the Jakarta bombings and the recent attacks in the southern Philippines. There have been no claims of responsibility for any of the attacks.

The military blamed MILF rebels for the blasts in Cotabato and Iligan. The group, which has been fighting for Muslim self-rule in the predominantly Roman Catholic nation for decades, denied the charges.

On Thursday, the Philippine government said it had ordered the military to stop offensives against the separatists in a bid to restart peace talks.

Philippine officials believe that the Moro Islamic Liberation Front leadership does not condone terrorist acts. However, a number of rebel commanders have defied orders and launched bomb attacks to express their disgust with the government after it backed off last year from signing a preliminary deal with the rebels on establishing an expanded Muslim autonomous region in the south. The Supreme Court declared the deal unconstitutional.

Militants from the smaller but more violent Abu Sayyaf were suspected in the Jolo explosion.

The Philippines, like Washington, considers the Abu Sayyaf a terrorist organization and has no intention to engage the group in peace negotiations.

Thailand's Swine Flu Death Toll Doubles

2009-08-07T09:42:00.000-07:00

ANGKOK — Thailand's swine flu death toll nearly doubled over the past week with 44 people now dead from the disease, the government said Wednesday.<सपन क्लास="फुल्ल्पोस्त">

The Public Health Ministry last reported 24 swine flu-related fatalities a week ago.

"The rise in the number of deaths were due a fast spread of the disease, delayed medical treatment, and an increase in the cases of severe respiratory infection," said the ministry's Deputy Permanent Secretary Paijit Warachit.

A quarantine officer monitors Liverpool fans walking through a temperature screening at a checkpoint outside the Rajamangala national stadium in Bangkok on July 22. (Photo: Reuters)
"We have now told medical workers to give the anti-viral medicine as soon as the tests return positive to reduce the number of cases of delayed treatment," Paijit said.

The number of people infected with swine flu jumped to 6,776 from 4,517. Thirty-five people infected remained hospitalized with seven in critical condition.

The ministry urged those with flu symptoms to stay away from public places and seek medical attention if they persist after two days, or immediately if they have prior medical conditions.

Hundreds of schools in Bangkok were closed temporarily for cleaning and disinfection.

Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva acknowledged Wednesday that the disease has spread quickly but said the government has taken all necessary measures to fight the virus.

Abhisit last week said the spread of swine flu will likely continue through at least 2010.

The World Health Organization on Tuesday said the worldwide death toll from swine flu has doubled in the past month, reaching more than 700 since the start of the outbreak.

Wife of Malaysian Fugitive Militant Detained

2009-08-07T09:36:00.000-07:00

AKARTA — A wife of one of Southeast Asia's most-wanted militants was detained for questioning Wednesday after bombings last week at two luxury hotels in the Indonesian capital that killed seven people, local television reported.

Anti-terrorism police detained Ariana Rahma, one of the wives of Malaysian fugitive Noordin Mohammad Top, TVOne and MetroTV said without citing sources.

Police officials contacted by telephone could not confirm the reports.

This photo released by the Indonesian National Police in Jakarta, Indonesia, on Wednesday, July 22, 2009, shows police sketches of two men believed to have carried out the suicide bombing attacks on the Ritz-Carlton and J.W. Marriott hotels last week. (Photo: AP/Indonesian National Police)
However, investigators who spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to talk to the media said Rahma was among four people detained in the town of Cilacap in central Java.

They said Rahma was being taken to Jakarta, where suicide bombers at the J.W. Marriott and Ritz-Carlton hotels killed seven people, including six foreigners, and wounded more than 50 on Friday. It was the first major terrorist attack in Indonesia in nearly four years.

Eleven people remained hospitalized Wednesday.

No suspects have been officially named, but terrorism experts and investigators were quick to blame the Southeast Asian terrorist group Jemaah Islamiyah or its violent offshoots, which carried out a string of al-Qaida-supported attacks between 2002 and 2005.

Noordin joined Jemaah Islamiyah in 1998 after brief training in the southern Philippines.

Counterterrorism police have stepped up the manhunt for Noordin, who has been at large for many years and narrowly escaped capture several times, saying explosives found at the scene Friday were "identical" to those used in earlier blasts.

On Wednesday, Indonesian police issued sketches of the two men believed to have carried out the suicide attacks, while Malaysian police questioned three of Noordin's supporters.

Noordin allegedly planned the 2002 and 2005 Bali bombings and attacks on the J.W. Marriott and Australian Embassy in 2003 and 2004. Together they killed more than 240 people.

The latest bombings killed three Australians, a Dutch couple, a New Zealander and an Indonesian cook. One of the Australian victims was the first diplomat from the country to die in a terrorist attack.

rock

2008-08-26T08:59:00.000-07:00

Khmer funny hahaha

2008-08-25T07:17:00.000-07:00

Preah Vihear History

2008-08-25T00:20:00.000-07:00

police and Monk in cambodia

2008-08-24T21:27:00.000-07:00

Police say the monks brought stones to use as missiles

Buddhist monks and riot police have been involved in a violent confrontation in Cambodia's capital.

The monks were trying to draw attention to allegations of mistreatment of the Kampuchea Krom minority, who are ethnic Cambodians living in Vietnam.

They were attempting to deliver a petition to the Vietnamese Embassy in Phnom Penh when police officers

blocked their way.

Human rights workers claim the police beat the monks with batons.

The violence started after about 50 orange-robed monks arrived at the Vietnamese Embassy and staged a sit-down protest.

The situation deteriorated as riot police ordered the monks to move on.

The authorities allege that the monks tried to storm the embassy and had brought stones to throw at the police.

Several members of each side were injured, none of them seriously.

Sensitive topic

The monks had been protesting about the treatment of ethnic Cambodian colleagues in Vietnam.

Their petition asked for the release of a monk who has been jailed on charges of "undermining national unity".

They also demanded the return of Vietnamese territory which they claimed belonged to Cambodia.

It is a sensitive topic for the Cambodian government.

Its links with Vietnam date back to 1979 when Vietnamese-backed troops ousted the Khmer Rouge from power.

But many Cambodians dislike their larger neighbour and resent the loss of territory over the years, which includes modern day Ho Chi Minh City.

The monks were protesting against Vietnam's arrest earlier this year of a Cambodian monk Tim Sakhorn. According to a petition at the petition online site, Tim Sakhorn was arrested by Cambodian authorities on June 30 for allegedly for “conducting activities that are harmful to the Cambodia-Vietnam friendship.”. The monk was defrocked and after which his whereabouts were not known. In August the Vietnamese authorities announced that they have arrested Tim Sakhorn for activities that undermine Vietnam's unity.

The monks also want Vietnam to return the Cambodian land that they claim Vietnam occupied in the past. The fight with the police broke out when the monks were heading to the Vietnamese Embassy to drop of a petition.

Head of state: King Norodom Sihamoni

The son of former king Norodom Sihanouk, King Sihamoni was sworn in as monarch on 29 October 2004. The former king had abdicated because of poor health.
Born in 1953, he studied in Czechoslovakia. He left Cambodia for France after the fall of the Khmer Rouge in 1979. He is a trained classical ballet dancer.

Cambodia's kings once enjoyed a semi-divine status; today, the monarch's role is mainly ceremonial.

Prime minister: Hun Sen

Hun Sen, one of the world's longest-serving prime ministers, has been in power in various coalitions since 1985.
He was re-elected by parliament in July 2004 after nearly a year of political stalemate. His Cambodian People's Party (CPP) won general elections in 2003, but without enough seats for it to rule alone.
It finally struck a deal with the royalist Funcinpec party, which at the time was led by Prince Norodom Ranariddh, in June 2004.
Hun Sen is no stranger to controversy. He seized power from his then co-prime minister, Prince Ranariddh, in 1997. More recently, some Western countries have said his rule has become increasingly authoritarian.
Born in 1952, Hun Sen joined the Communist Party in the late 1960s and, for a time, was a member of the Khmer Rouge. He has denied accusations that he was once a top official within the movement, saying he was only an ordinary soldier.

During the Pol Pot regime in the late 1970s he joined anti-Khmer Rouge forces based in Vietnam.

2008-08-24T21:26:00.001-07:00

Buddhist monks and riot police have been involved in a violent confrontation in Cambodia's capital.

The monks were trying to draw attention to allegations of mistreatment of the Kampuchea Krom minority, who are ethnic Cambodians living in Vietnam.

They were attempting to deliver a petition to the Vietnamese Embassy in Phnom Penh when police officers blocked their way.

Human rights workers claim the police beat the monks with batons.

The violence started after about 50 orange-robed monks arrived at the Vietnamese Embassy and staged a sit-down protest.

The situation deteriorated as riot police ordered the monks to move on.

The authorities allege that the monks tried to storm the embassy and had brought stones to throw at the police.

Several members of each side were injured, none of them seriously.

Sensitive topic

The monks had been protesting about the treatment of ethnic Cambodian colleagues in Vietnam.

Their petition asked for the release of a monk who has been jailed on charges of "undermining national unity".

They also demanded the return of Vietnamese territory which they claimed belonged to Cambodia.

It is a sensitive topic for the Cambodian government.

Its links with Vietnam date back to 1979 when Vietnamese-backed troops ousted the Khmer Rouge from power.

But many Cambodians dislike their larger neighbour and resent the loss of territory over the years, which includes modern day Ho Chi Minh City.

បញ្ហាធ្វើស្រែដោយគោយន្ដ

2008-08-24T03:40:00.000-07:00

បញ្ហានៅស្រុកខ្មែរយើង

សព្វថ្ងៃនេះតាមស្រុកមួយចំនួនស្ទើរទូទាំងខេត្ដស្វាយរៀង មានកំណើនយ៉ាងឆាប់ រហ័សនៃអ្នកដែលប្រកបរបរដឹកដីដោយគោយន្ដ។ មុខរបរនេះពិតជាអាចធ្វើឲ្យពួកគាត់មានជីវភាពធូធារពិតប្រាកដមែន ក៏ប៉ុន្ដែបញ្ហានេះក៏ធ្វើឲ្យប៉ះពាល់ដល់មជ្ឈដ្ឋានទូទៅផងដែរដូចជា បំពុលរិយាកាស ងាយនឹងបង្កឲ្យមានគ្រោះថ្នាក់ចរចរ ការរំខានដោយសម្លេង និងបង្កឲ្យខូចផ្លូវលំតែម្ដង។ ក្នុងឃុំសង្ឃ័រកំពុងតែកើនឡើងយ៉ាងព្រោងព្រាតពីបញ្ហានេះ។

ប្រភពពំត៌័មានសុំមិនបញ្ចោញឈ្មោះមួយបានឲ្យដឹងថា សព្វថ្ងៃនេះតាមផ្លូវលំក្បែរផ្ទះរបស់គាត់មានគោយន្ដបើកដឹកដីពី ១០-១៥គ្រឿងដែលគេដឹកដីទៅមកៗរៀងរាល់ថ្ងៃធ្វើឲ្យគាត់ធុញទ្រាន់ ខ្លាំងណាស់ មិនថាតែគាត់នោះទេសូម្បីតែអ្នកដទៃ ដែលរស់នៅក្នុងសហគមន៍ក៏មានការធុញទ្រាន់ដែរ។

ប្រភពនេះបានបន្ដទៀតថា នៅពេលមានអ្នកដំណើរធ្វើដំណើរតាមផ្លូវលំនេះម្ដងៗ គាត់ឮតែរអ៊ូរទាំថាផ្លូវនេះម្ដេចក៏រលាក់ខ្លាំងម៉្លេះ ខុសកាលពីមុនឆ្ងាយណាស់ ជាពិសេសគឺផ្លូវលំចូលវត្ដក្រសាំងជ្រុំតែម្ដង។

អ៊ំម្នាក់ដែលរស់នៅឃុំសង្ឃ័រនេះក៏បានឲ្យដឹងដែរថា មួយឆ្នាំៗភ្លឺស្រែនិងស្រូវដែលចាក់ចុះទៅស្រែគាត់ត្រូវរលាយហិន ហោចដោយសារតែគោយន្ដដឹកដីនេះ ហើយកន្លែងខ្លះត្រូវទឹកលិចធ្វើឲ្យពួកគាត់ពិបាក ក្នុងការធ្វើដំណើរទៅស្រែចំការខ្លាំងណាស់។

ព្រះតេជគុណ រាជ សុខ ព្រះគ្រូសូត្រស្ដាំគង់នៅវត្ដក្រសាំងជ្រុំបានមានសង្ឃដីកាថាផ្លូវដែល ខូចខាតច្រើនជាងគេគឺផ្លូវលំចូលវត្ដនេះឯង។ ផ្លូវនេះគឺជាកម្លាំងញើសឈាមរបស់ព្រះសង្ឃ និងពុទ្ធបរិស័ទ្ធ ដែលចូលរួមលើកផ្លូវនេះពីមុនផ្លូវូមានសភាពល្អធម្មតាទេ តែប៉ុន្មានឆ្នាំក្រោយមកនេះតាំងពីបង្កើតឲ្យមាន គោយន្ដដឹកដីនេះមកបានបង្កឲ្យផ្លូវលំនេះខូចខាតយ៉ាងដំណំ។

ព្រះអង្គបន្ដទៀតថា ព្រះសង្ឃ និងពុទ្ធបរិស័ទ្ធធ្លាប់ជម្រាបទៅឃុំដែរ ហើយឃុំក៏បានចុះជួយដោះស្រាយបញ្ហានេះផងដែរ តែការដោះស្រាយបានស្ងាត់តែបន្ដិចសកម្មភាពនេះក៏កើតឡើងវិញដដែល ហើយច្រើនជាងមុនថែមទៀតផង។

ព្រះអង្គបានបន្ដទៀតថា ព្រះអង្គមិនហាមឃាត់មិនឲ្យគេបើកបរលើផ្លូវនេះទេ ព្រះអង្គគ្រាន់តែសុំឲ្យជួយថែរក្សាផ្លូវគ្នា ព្រោះជាផ្លូវយើងទាំងអស់គ្នា ប្រសិនជាដឹកហើយឃើញផ្លូវណាមានគំហុកសូមជួយចាក់ដីបំពេញវិញផង ពីព្រោះវាធ្វើឲ្យអ្នកដទៃពិបាកនៅក្នុងការធ្វើដំណើរ ជាពិសេសផ្លូវនេះជាផ្លូវចូលវត្ដផង តើមានពុទ្ធបរិស័ទ្ធណាគេចូលទៅធ្វើបុណ្យបើផ្លូវទៅវត្ដពិបាក អញ្ជឹងនោះ?

លោក ស៊ិន យ៉ុង ប្រធានក្រុមប្រឹក្សាឃុំសង្ឃ័របានឲ្យដឹងថា ឃុំបានចុះទៅអប់រំណែនាំនិងហាមឃាត់ច្រើនលើកច្រើនសារណាស់មកហើយ តែគេហាក់ដូចជាមិនស្ដាប់ទាល់តែសោះ ដោយពួកគេនិយាយផ្ដោតសំខាន់ទៅលើមេភូមិតែម្ដង គេថាកូនមេភូមិម៉េចក៏ដឹកបានចុះពួកគាត់ម៉េចក៏ដឹកមិនបាន។ នៅពេលឃុំណែនាំមេភូមិ មេភូមិឆ្លើយថា គេទិញគោយន្ដមកដើម្បីរកស៊ី បើហាមមិនឲ្យបើកលើផ្លូវឲ្យបើកលើអី? ហើយគេក៏បានបង់ពន្ធឲ្យរដ្ឋដែរ ។

លោកអ៊ំ ឈុន ផល្លី ជាក្រុមប្រឹក្សាឃុំម្នាក់ផងដែរនោះបានមានប្រសាសន៍ថា ឃុំមិនបានហាមឃាត់ក្នុងការដឹកដីនេះទេ ប៉ុន្ដែឃុំសំណូមពរថា បើអស់លោកដឹកក៏ដឹកចុះ តែសូមអស់លោកចាក់បំពេញកំហុកផង ក៏ប៉ុន្ដែពួកគេមិនបានធ្វើតាមការស្នើរបស់ឃុំនោះទេ។ បើសិនបញ្ហានេះនៅតែបន្ដនោះ ព្រះសង្ឃវត្ដក្រសាំងជ្រុំដែលបានខិតខំកសាងផ្លូវនេះប្រហែលជា ព្រះអង្គលែងធ្វើទៀតហើយ ដោយសារតែធ្វើ រួចគោយន្ដដឹកដីបំផ្លាញដដែល។

លោកអ៊ំក៏បានបន្ដទៀតថា ក្រុមប្រឹក្សាឃុំបានធ្វើការប្រជុំក្រុមមេភូមិរាល់ខែ ហើយឃុំបានលើកអំពីបញ្ហាគោយន្ដដឹកដីធ្វើឲ្យខូចផ្លូវលំដែរ ក៏ប៉ុន្ដែពួកគេមិនអនុវត្ដតាមគោលការណ៍ណែនាំរបស់ឃុំទាល់តែសោះ ហើយនៅតែបំពានដឹកកាន់តែច្រើនឡើងៗ ហើយលោកក៏បានសសើរដល់ភូមិព្រះទន្លេផងដែរ ដែលអាចអនុវត្ដបានតាមការស្នើសុំរបស់ឃុំ។ លោកអ៊ំក៏សូមសំណូមពរដល់អ្នករកស៊ីរបរនេះនៅភូមិធ្លក សូមអនុវត្ដតាមគោលការណែនាំរបស់ឃុំផង

Buddha of cambodia

2008-08-24T03:10:00.000-07:00

This Cambodian hand carved Buddha is seated on a lotus pedestal in the gesture of 'earth touching' or 'earth witness' also known as Bhumisparsha Mudra. This gesture is performed by extending the right hand downwards to touch the ground with its fingertips. It symbolizes the precise moment when the awakening Buddha, Shakyamuni, vanquished the army of Mara beneath the bodhi tree and summoned the goddess of the earth, Sthavara, to bear witness to his countless acts of sacrifice. Shakyamuni Buddha is commonly represented upon his enlightenment throne with his right hand touching the earth, and his left hand resting upon his lap in the gesture of meditation. This symbolizes the union of his method or skillful means in overcoming Mara (right hand), through the perfect wisdom of his deep mediation upon emptiness (left hand). The earth touching gesture is also the mudra of Akshobya, the 'Unshakable' blue Buddha of the center or eastern direction.

The features of this Buddha’s face are precise and well executed. The eyebrows are rendered by a pronounced arched line. The almond-shaped eyes are finely outlined. Fine curls cover Lord Buddha's head and his elongated earlobes reflect his royal origins.

This sculpture is entirely hand-crafted and painted in rural villages in Cambodia. Every piece is truly unique!

About Wood Lacquering & Gilding: The artisans begin this process by sizing the wood, before applying colours made with natural pigments. The pieces can be adorned with copper or gold leaf gilding. Pieces that are glossy are sanded and polished in order to give them their glossy finish. Some pieces may be lacquered, smoothed and then varnished.

Soon after Shakyamuni Buddha obtained enlightenment the Four Great Guardian Kings of the four directions each presented him with an alms-bowl, the most beautiful of which was made with precious gems, and the simplest from common stone or clay. Shakyamuni was said to have chosen the plainest bowl that was sufficient for the needs of a humble mendicant.
The traditional alms-bowl of a Buddhist monk or bhikshu is shaped like the inverted ushnisha of the Buddha, a symbol of the highest attainment of Buddhahood, as the wisdom that directly realizes emptiness. The alms-bowl is generally held in the left 'wisdom' hand of Buddhas and their disciples, the sangha. This winter Buddha stands on a single lotus base.

This sculpture is entirely hand-crafted and painted in rural villages in Cambodia. Every piece is truly unique!

This Buddha sculpture is shown in Parinirvana. In Buddhism, Parinirvana is the final nirvana, usually within reach only upon the death of the body of someone who has attained complete awakening or bodhi. It is the ultimate goal of Buddhist practice and implies a release from the cycle of deaths and rebirths as well as the dissolution of all worldly physical and mental aggregates or skandhas (perception or consciousness).

This sculpture is entirely hand-crafted and painted in rural villages in Cambodia. Every piece is truly unique!

Loburi

2008-08-24T02:52:00.001-07:00

Lopburi art goes back to the 11-13th century A.D. Lopburi was a provincial capital during the Khmer empire. At times it experiences periods of independence, but its art form and Buddha images display Khmer influence.
Buddha images often display a cranial protuberance in the form of three tiered lotus petals. A hair band is featured, and the hair of the Buddha can be straight like human hair. The head is often decorated with a diadem of face frame. Thick lips, a smiling face, prominent earlobes are featured.
A robe is draped diagonally with a straight edged mantle over the left shoulder, extending to the navel. Often the Buddha image is displayed on a lotus petal base. Seated Naga protected Buddha images in the meditation posture are common. Sometimes the Naga protected Buddha appears with Royal ornaments, and has a more stern facial expression.

Buddha, wearing the attributes of Royalty, in the Khmer style of the Lopburi period.
With the gesture (see right hand) of preaching. Cast and enlarged from an old model.
Image present in the cloister of the Ubosoth at Wat Benchamabophit, Bangkok.

Standing Buddha image, with the gesture of Forbidding the Relatives from Fighting.
In the style of the Lopburi period.
Cast and enlarged from an ancient model.
Image present in the cloister of the Ubosoth at Wat Benchamabophit, Bangkok.

Sitting Buddha with the gesture of Subduing Mara.
In the Khmer style.
Found at Wat Si Chin, Thonburi.
Image present in the cloister of the Ubosoth at Wat Benchamabophit, Bangkok.

Standing Buddha image, with the gesture of Calming the Ocean.
In the style of the Lopburi period.
Cast and enlarged from an ancient model.
Image present in the cloister of the Ubosoth at Wat Benchamabophit, Bangkok.

National Museum Prachinburi
Naga protected Buddha image. Notice the cranial protuberance in the form of
three tiered lotus petals.

khmer a story

2008-08-23T09:47:00.000-07:00

រឿងតាត្រសក់ផ្អែម ត្រូវបានអ្នកស្រាវជ្រាវចាត់រឿងជាប្រវត្តិសាស្រ្ដមួយ ។ រឿងនេះមាន ការទាក់ទងយ៉ាងអាថ៌កំបាំងនៅឡើយទៅ នឹង ព្រឹត្តិការណ៍តំណវាជវង្ស “ វរ្ម័ន ”នៅសម័យអង្គរ ។ ប៉ុន្ដែទោះជាយ៉ាងណា ក៏អ្នកស្រាវជ្រាវទាំងជនជាតិបារាំងទាំងជនជាតិខ្មែរ បាន ចាត់ទុកតាត្រសក់ផ្អែម ជាស្ដេចខ្មែរមួយអង្គដែល បានឡើងសោយរាជ្យ នៅក្នុងកំឡុងឆ្នាំ ១៣៣៦ ដល់ ១៣៤០ នៃ គ.ស. ។ អ្វីជាការយកចិត្តទុកដាក់ របស់អ្នកស្រាវជ្រាវនោះ គឺ៑ថារឿងតាត្រសក់ផ្អែមនេះមាន នៅក្នុងរឿងព្រេងប្រទេសភូមាផង ប្រទេសថៃផង ប្រទេសឡាវផង និងប្រទេសកម្ពុជាផង ។ ទាំងបួនប្រទេស តែងតែចាត់ទុករឿងនេះជារឿងព្រេងប្រចាំជាតិរៀងៗខ្លួន។បើនិយាយពីនៅ កម្ពុជាវិញ រឿងនេះ ត្រូវបានគេនិទានឡើងដោយមានការទាក់ទងទៅនឹងទីតាំង ស្ថាននាម និងព្រះមហាក្សត្រ ។ កន្លងមកយើងធ្លាប់ឮធ្លាប់អានរឿងនេះតាមរយ:អត្ថបទអក្សរ សិល្ប៍សៀវភៅប្រវត្តិសាស្រ្ដសៀវភៅប្រជុំរឿងព្រេងហើយស្នាដៃទាំងនោះ មានភាពស្រដៀងៗគ្នា ចំណែកពេលនេះ ខ្ញុំនឹងបង្ហាញជូននូវរឿងព្រេងនិទាន ស្ដីពីប្រវត្តិតាត្រសក់ផ្អែមមួយទៀតដោយមានការទាក់ទង ទៅ នឹង ប្រវត្តិទីតាំង ស្ថាននាម មួយចំនួន នៅតំបន់អ្គរភាគ ខាងជើង និងខាងកើត ដែលត្រូវបានរក្សា រហូតដល់សព្វថ្ងៃនេះ ។ ហេតុ ផល នៃការលើកយករឿងនេះមកអធិប្បា ក្នុងគោលបំណងតែមួយគត់គឺ“រក្សាមរតកអក្សរសិល្ប៍ខ្មែរ” ។ពីព្រោះថារឿងនេះមានលក្ខណ:ប្លែកគ្នាពី រឿងមុនៗ ត្រង់ថា វាមានទាក់ទងទៅនឹង ស្ថាននាមនៅតំបន់អង្គរ ហើយយើងក៏ធ្លាប់សរសេរក្នុងសៀវភៅ “ ដប់ថ្ងៃនៅទីក្រុង អង្គរ” តំកល់ទុកនៅមហាវិទ្យាល័យប្រវត្តិវិទ្យាដែរ ។ សៀវភៅនោះត្រូវបានរៀបរៀងឡើងដោយនិស្សិតប្រវត្តិវិទ្យាចំនួន ១១ នាក់ រួម ទាំងខ្ញុំផង ប៉ុន្ដែ ការផ្សាយមិនមានលក្ខណ:ទូលំទូលាយ ។ ដូច្នេះហើយទើបខ្ញុំសម្រេចចិត្ត ចុះផ្សាយក្នុងទស្សនាវដ្ដីកម្ពុជសុរិយានាពេលនេះ ជូនមិត្តអ្នកអាន ពិចារណា ប៉ុន្ដែ សូមមិត្តអ្នកអាន យប់ថានេះពុំមែនជារឿងប្រវត្តិសាស្រ្ដជាក់ស្ដែងនោះទេ វាគ្រាន់តែជារឿងព្រេងនិទាន ដែលប្រជារាស្រ្ដខ្មែរចេះចាំហើយនិទានតៗគ្នា តែ ប៉ុណ្ណោះ ។ ម្យ៉ាងទៀត ចំពោះចំណោទមួយដែល បានចោទសួរថា បើរឿងព្រេងតាត្រសក់ផ្អែម ត្រូវបានជនជាតិ ៤ ប្រទេសចាត់ទុក ថាជារឿង របស់ខ្លួនរៀងៗខ្លួននោះ តើយើងអាចវែកញែករកហេតុផលមកពន្យល់បានទេ ? ចំពោះទស្សន:ខ្ញុំ យល់ថា បាន, ទោះបីជារឿងតាត្រសក់ផ្អែមរបស់ ភូមាគេថាបានចាប់កំណើតឡើងតាំងពីសតវត្សទី១០ ក៏ដោយ ។ យើងត្រូវសង្កេតពិនិត្យរកទីតាំងជាក់លាក់ ដែលមានទាក់ទងក្នុងដំណើររឿង ។ បានសេចក្ដីថា យើងត្រូវធ្វើការសិក្សាស្ថាននាមដែល មានទាក់ទងក្នុងរឿង ។ ខ្ញុំក៏ជឿជាក់ថា រឿងព្រេងតាត្រសក់ផ្អែម គឺជារឿងរបស់ខ្មែរពិតៗ ព្រោះវាមានទាក់ទងនៅនឹង ស្ថាននាម ព្រឹត្តិ ការណ៍សង្គម ជីវភាពរបស់ខ្មែរ ណៅចុងសម័យអង្គរ ។ ពេលនេះ ខ្ញុំសូមទាញអារម្មណ៍មិត្តអ្នកអាន ពិចារណាទៅលើប្រវត្តិតាត្រសក់ផ្អែម របស់អ្នកស្រុកប្រដាក់ ដូចតទៅនេះ : កាលដើមឡើយ មានឥសីមួយអង្គ គង់ចង្រ្កមភាវនានៅក្នុងព្រៃមួយសម័យថ្ងៃមួយមានសត្វចាបមួយគូ ហើររកកន្លែងធ្វើសំបុកសំរាប់ ពង ចាបទាំងគូ ហើររកកន្លែង ពងមិនបាន ក៏ទៅជួបតាឥសីកំពុងសមាធិ ។ ដោយឃើញពុកចង្ការតាឥសី ទំនងអាចឲ្យ ខ្លួនងាយ ស្រួល កាច់ សំបុក ចាបទាំងគូក៏ចាប់សរសៃពុកមាត់ចាក់ជាសំបុក ។ ក្រោយមកចាបញីក៏ពង ដាក់ក្នុងសំបុកវារួចហើរទៅទំលើមែកឈើមួយ នៅជិត ទីនោះ ។ ចាបទាំងពីរនិយាយសាសងគ្នាថា : អឺ ឯងអើយ !ថាយើងចុះជាសត្វតិរច្ឆានក៏គង់នៅមានកូនតពូជពង្ស រួចចុះ តាឥសី នោះ វិញ ទៅអនាគត មានអ្នកណាបន្ដពូជពង្ស ? ចាបនិយាយតែប៉ុណ្ណោះ តាឥសីចាប់ភ្លឹកកើតពិចារណាថា : ឱ អញអើយ ! បើអាត្មាអញមិនចាកសិក្ខាបទ ស្វែងរកប្រពន្ធម្ល៉េះសមអញកំបុកឆ្ងុងត្រឹមនេះ គ្មានកូនចៅតទៅមុខទៀតទេ ។ ក្រោយពេលពងចាបញាស់ កូនៗចេះហើរ ហើរចេញអស់ទៅ តាឥសីឈប់តាំងសីល រួចត្រឡប់មកអាស្រមវិញ ចាកសិក្ខាបទដើម្បី ចាកចេញទៅរកភរិយា ។ ក្រោយពេលស្វែងរកអស់រយ:ពេលយ៉ាងយូរមក អតីតតាឥសីបានទៅជួបនឹងយាយរិដែលរស់នៅក្បែរស្រះ ដូនរិ (សព្វថ្ងៃ ស្រះដូនរិ ស្ថិតនៅឃុំត្បែងខេត្តសៀមរាប ជួបកាលគេហៅថា “ ស្រះខ្វាវ ” ) ។ អ្នកទាំងពិរបានយកគ្នាជាប្ដីប្រពន្ធតរៀងមក ។ នៅពេលមានគ្រួសារហើយ អតីតតាឥសីបានខិតខំប្រឹងប្ររកបរបររកស៊ីចិញ្ចឹមជីវិតជា ធម្មតាក្នុងតួនាទីជាមេគ្រូសារ។ មិនយូរប៉ុន្មាន យាយរិ មានគភ៌ ហើយគភ៌ចេះតែចំរើនវ័យ ប្ដីយាយក៏កាន់តែខិតខំប្រឹង រកអដ្ឋបរិក្ខារយ៉ាង គ្រប់គ្រាន់ទុកឲ្យ ។ ពេលនោះ បុត្រយាយរិ មិនទាន់ប្រសូតនៅឡើយទេ តែប្ដីរបស់យាយ ក៏លាយាយទៅសាងផ្នួសវិញ ។ គ្រប់ទសមាស យាយរិប្រសូតបានបុត្រមួយ ហើយបុត្រនេះក៏មិនទាន់មានឈ្មោះជាអ្វីដែរ ។ ទារកចេះតែចំរើនវ័យបន្តិចម្ដងៗ រហូតដល់ ពេលវាចេះនិយាយ ។ ថ្ងៃមួយ កុមារតូច ក៏សួរទៅម្ដាយថា : ម៉ែ ឯណាឪពុក ខ្ញុំ ? ម្ដាយឆ្លើយថា : អឺ ! ឪពុកឯង នៅឆ្ងាយណាស់ អញប្រាប់ឯងឥឡូវនេះមិនបានទេ ចាំឯងធំសិនចាំអញប្រាប់ ! ពេលវេលាចេះតែកន្លែងផុតទៅយ៉ាងយូរ ចំណែកគ្រួសារយាយរិ ប្រកបរបរបរកស៊ីធ្វើស្រែកចំការជាធម្មតា ។ បុត្រយាយរិ ចំរើនវ័យបាន ១៨ ឬ ១៩ ឆ្នាំហើយក៏នៅតែមិនទាន់មានឈ្មោះនៅឡើយ ។ ថ្ងៃមួយ បុរសកំលោះក៏បានសួរម្ដាយម្ដងទៀតថា : ម៉ែ ឪពុកកូនជា នរណា ? គាត់នៅឯណា ? ម្ដាយក៏ឆ្លើយទៅប្រាប់កូនវិញថា : ឪពុកកូន ជាតាឥសី គាត់នៅឯភ្នំ (មិនដឹងថាឈ្មោះភ្នំអ្វី) ។ កូនសួរទៀតថា : បើដូច្នោះទៅរក ម្ដេចឃើញ ! ម្ដាយឆ្លើយថា : អឺ កូនអ្ហើយ ! ដើរតាមផ្លូវគេកាច់តម្រុយនោះទៅឃើញហើយ ! ក្រោយមក កូនប្រុសយាយរិ ក៏ចាកចេញដំណើតតាមផ្លូវដេលម្ដាយបង្ហាញ ។ គាត់ដើរទៅដើរទៅ នៅតែមិនជួប នៅតែមិនឃើញស្អី ក៏ មិនឃើញៗ គាត់ក៏នៅតែដើរទៅមុខជានិច្ច រហូតដល់អស់កំលាំង ។ អ្នកកំលោះបានប្រាស់ខ្លួនដេកនៅក្រោមដើមឈើមួយ ។ នៅពេល គាត់ ដេកលក់ តាឥសីបានយកគ្រាប់ត្រសក់មួយបង្វេច កាំបិតមួយ និង បាយមួយកញ្ចប់ រួចនិម្មិតប្រាប់បុត្របស់ខ្លួន កំពុង ដេកលក់ ប៉ុន្ដែ លោកមិនបានឲ្យឃើញរូបឡើយ ។ រួចរាល់កិច្ចហើយតាឥសីបាន និមន្ដទៅកាន់កន្លែងចង្រ្កាមភាវនា វិញ ។ លុះបុរសភ្ញាក់ពីដេក បានឃើញវត្ថុដូចគ្នា នឹង និម្មិត បានប្រាប់មែន ។ ដោយមានសេចក្ដីស្រេកឃ្លានផង បុរសលាកកញ្ចប់បាយ បរិភោគ យ៉ាងប្រញាប់ រួចម្នីម្នាវិលត្រឡប់មកផ្ទះវិញ តាមបំរាប់និម្មិត ។ មកដល់ផ្ទះ បុរសបានជួបម្ដាយ ហើយជំរាបថា : ម៉ែ ! ខ្ញុំបាទឥតបានឃើញតាឥសីជាឪពុកទេ ។ ប៉ុន្ដែ ពេលខ្ញុំបានដែកលក់ទៅ មាន និម្មិតប្រាប់ចំណែករូបរាងក៏មិនបានឃើញដែរ ។ ម្ដាយក៏សួរទៅវិញថា : តើនិម្មិតប្រាប់យ៉ាងដូចម្ដេច ? កូនឆ្លើយ : ប្រាប់ថាមានគ្រប់ត្រសក់នេះមួយកញ្ចប់ កាំបិតនេះមួយនិងបាយមួយកញ្ចប់ ប៉ុន្ដែបាយខ្ញុំបាទហូបអស់ហើយ ។ លោក ប្រាប់ទៀតថា បើបានវត្ថុនេះកាលណា សូមយកត្រឡប់ទៅផ្ទះវិញ ហើយទៅរកត្រួសត្រាយចំការនៅឯភ្នំ(ក្រោយមក ភ្នំនេះមានឈ្មោះថា ភ្នំ ចំការ) ដើម្បីដាំត្រសក់ ព្រមទាំងបណ្ដាំមួយទៀត នៅពេលត្រសក់ផ្លែទុំដំបូង កុំឲ្យស៊ី គប្បីបេះយកទៅថ្វាយស្ដេចនៅក្រុងអង្គរធំ កុំខាន ព្រឹកឡើង បុរសឲ្យម្ដាយធ្វើម្ហូបអាហារឲ្យខ្លួន វេចខ្ទប់យកទៅហូប នៅពេលនៅត្រួសចំការ ។ គាត់បានទៅដល់ភ្នំមួយតាមនិម្មិត ដែលបានប្រាប់ ។ ដល់ហើយ គាត់បានត្រួសត្រាយកាប់ឆ្ការ អស់ពេលមួយថ្ងៃ ដោយត្រួសត្រាយ កាប់ ឆ្ការ តាមកំលាំងធម្មតា ដែល ខ្លួនអាចធ្វើទៅបាន លុះថ្ងៃល្ងាចបន្តិច គាត់វិលត្រឡប់មកផ្ទះវិញ ។ ព្រឹកឡើង បុរសឲ្យម្ដាយធ្វើបានឲ្យខ្លួនទៀត ដើម្បីនឹងយកទៅចម្ការ។ ពេលទៅដល់ ចំការនោះត្រូវបានគេកាប់ឆ្ការរួចអស់ បុរស ក៏ ត្រឡប់ មកផ្ទះវិញប្រាប់ម្ដាយថា : ម៉ែ ចំការត្រូវគេត្រួសត្រាយរួចហើយ ។ ប៉ុន្ដែ ថ្ងៃស្អែក ខ្ញុំបាទនឹង ទៅកាប់ចិញ្រ្ចាំឲ្យវាយ ។ ស្អែកឡើង ម្ដាយដាំបាយខ្ទប់ម្ហូបឲ្យកូនទៅចំការទៀត ។ បេលទៅដល់ឃើញចំការត្រូវគេកាប់ចិញ្រ្ចាំពង្រាបរួចទៅទៀត។បុរសយើង ក៏ត្រឡប់ មកផ្ទះប្រាប់ម្ដាយវិញថា : ម៉ែ ! ចំការកាប់ពង្រាបរួចអស់ទៀតហើយ ។ ម្ដាយក៏ប្រាប់ទៅកូនវិញថា : នែកូន, ចាស់បុរាណលោកថា ចំការត្រួសត្រាយកាប់ឆ្ការថ្មីដូច្នេះ ចាំកន្លះខែក្រោយសឹមទៅដុត ។ លុះចាំដល់ពេលវេលាបានកន្លះខែ បុរសក៏ទៅដុតព្រៃងាប់ដែលខ្លួនឆ្ការរួច ។ ពេលទៅដល់ព្រៃដែលងាប់នោះ ឆេះអស់មុនគាត់ដុត ។ ឃើញដូច្នេះបុរសក៏ដាំគ្រាប់ត្រសក់ នៅចំការនោះតែម្ដង ។ ដាំរួច គាត់វិល ត្រឡប់មកផ្ទះវិញ ។ ក្រោយពេលភ្លៀងធ្លាប់ម្ដង បុរសទៅមើលចំការត្រសក់របស់ខ្លួន ស្រាប់តែឃើញដើមត្រសក់ដុះចេញ វារពេញដីរួចជាស្រេច ។ ពេលគាត់ ត្រឡប់មកផ្ទះវិញយប់នោះ ស្រាប់តែមាននិម្មិតប្រាប់ទៀតថា : កាលណាត្រសក់មានផ្លែទុំល្មមដំបូងគេ កុំហូបត្រូវអ្នកបេះយកទៅថ្វាយ ស្ដេចទៅក្រុងអង្គរធំ ។ ពេលត្រសក់ចាប់ផ្ដើម បុរសជាម្ចាស់ទៅដេកចាំចំការជាធម្មតា។ មិនយូរប៉ុន្មាន ផ្លែត្រសក់ក៏ទុំរបេះចេញពីទង។ ឃើញត្រសក់ទុំហើយ បុរស ក៏ធ្វើតាមបណ្ដាំនិម្មិតដែលប្រាប់ឲ្យយកផ្លែត្រសក់នេះទៅថ្វាយស្ដេច ។ ដោយហេតុខ្លួនជាអ្នកក្រីក្រ គ្មានអ្វីផ្សេងទៀត ជាដង្វាយ ក៏ យួរតែផ្លែត្រសក់ទុំធំមួយ សំដៅទៅរាជវាំង ។

khmer economic

2008-08-23T01:21:00.000-07:00

គ្រឹះសេដ្ឋកិច្ចខែ្មរនាយសម័យអង្គរ

ហេតុអ្វីបានជាបុព្វបុរសយើងជ្រើរើសយកអង្គរធ្វើជារាជធានី?តើនេះជាចៃដន្យឬជាការជ្រើសរើសមួយមានមួលហេតុជាក់លាក់?

តាមការវិភាគពិចារណារកហេតុផលយើងបានដឹងថាតំបន់អង្គរ
1-ស្ថិតនៅចំកណ្តាលរាជាណាចក្រ
2-ជាទីប្រជុំផ្លូវជំនួញទាំងផ្លូវគោកទាំងផ្លូវទឹក
3-សម្បូណិដោយធនធានធម្មជាតិដូចជាត្រីនៅបឹងទនេ្លសាបម្រីគីម្រីតាឈើល្អៗគ្រប់ប្រភេទថ្មភក់សម្រាប់សង់ប្រាសាទនៅ
ភ្មំគូលែនដែកនិងដីឥដ្ឋនៅភ្នំដែកនិងភ្នំដងរែក។ល។
4-មានទីវាលទំនាបសំរាប់ធ្វើកសិកម្ម។
អំណោយផលខាងធម្មជាតិគួបផ្សំជាមួយគំនិតច្នៃប្រឌិតមធ្យោ

បាយនិងបច្ចេកទេសរបស់មនុស្សដែលមានឋាមពលខ្លាំងក្លាស្វាហាប់ក្នុងជំនាន់

នោះដែលចេះតស៊ូស្វិតស្វាញចំពោះការងារបាននាំឪ្យេសេដ្ឋកិច្ចរីកចំរើនលូតលាស់

ជាអតិបរមា។អ្នកប្រាជជាច្រើនបានខិតខំធ្វើការសិក្សាស្រាវជ្រាវត្រិះរិះពិចារណា

អំពីឥទ្ធិពលនៃមជ្ឈដ្ឋានរូបវន្ត(milieuphysique)ទៅលើការកកើតឡើងនៃអរិយធមិ

សម័យអង្គរមានលោកពែ្យរគូរូ(PierreGourou)ជាដើម។លោកបានគូសបញ្ឆាក់ថា

កត្តាភូមិសាស្រ្តប្រាកដជាមានសារសំខាន់បំផុតក្នុងការញុំងអរិយធមិមួយឪ្យកើតឡើង

និងឪ្យរីកដុះដាលចំរើនរុងរឿង។ទន្ទឹមនិងបញ្ហានេះគេក័័សង្កេតឃើញផងដែរថាស្ថានភាព

ទឹកដីល្អប្រសើរអំណោយផលពីធម្មជាតិអាចធ្វើឪ្យមនុស្សទៅជាខ្ជិលច្រអូសខ្វះគំនិតច្នៃប្រឌិតមិន

ចេះប្រឹងប្រែងប្រយុទ្ឌជាមួយធម្មជាតិដោយអាងថាគេអាចរស់នៅបានស្រួលដោយមិនបានខ្វល់ខ្វាយ

ស្ទុះស្ទាចង់មានចង់បានអ្វីទៀតទេ។តើមានកត្តាអ្វីខ្លះជាធាតុផ្សំដើម្បីជំរុញឪ្យខែ្មរសម័យអង្គរឈានឆ្ពោះ

ទៅកាន់វឌ្ឍភាពនៅលើគ្រប់វិស័យយ៉ាងនេះ?

វប្បធម៌និងអរីយធម៌ខ្មែរក្រោយសម័យអង្គរ

ចាប់តាំងពីការបោះបង់ចោលក្រុងអង្គរជារាជធានីបូរាណខ្មែរមកនោះ ខ្មែរយើងហាក់មានជំនឿថា
ក្រោយ សម័យអង្គរ យើងមិនមានអ្វីជាសំខាន់ទៀតទេ ក្នុងសិល្បៈខ្មែរ។ តែការពិតមិនដូច្នោះឡើយ។ ផ្នែកសិល្បៈ អក្សរសាស្រ្ត ជំនឿសាសនាជំនាន់នោះមានឥទ្ធិពលខ្លាំងមកលើជីវភាពរបស់យើងរាល់ថ្ងៃ។
ចាប់តាំងពីការបោះបង់ចោលក្រុងអង្គរជារាជធានីបូរាណខ្មែរមកនោះ ខ្មែរយើងហាក់មាន
ជំនឿថា ក្រោយសម័យអង្គរ យើងមិនមានអ្វីជាសំខាន់ទៀតទេ ក្នុងសិល្បៈខ្មែរ។ តែការ
ពិតមិនដូច្នោះឡើយ។ ផ្នែកសិល្បៈអក្សរសាស្រ្តជំនឿសាសនាមានឥទ្ធិពលខ្លាំងមកលើជីវភាពរបស់យើងរាល់ថ្ងៃនេះ។
អស់លោកអ្នកនាង ក្នុងនាទីកម្រងសង្គមនៃវិទ្យុអូស្ដ្រាលីថ្ងៃនេះ ខ្ញុំអ៊ុជមន្ថាសូមលើកយកការពន្យល់
មួយរបស់លោកសាស្រ្តាចារ្យបណ្ឌិត អាំង ជូលាន នៃមហាវិទ្យាល័យបូរាណវិទ្យា
នៅរាជធានីភ្នំពេញ អំពីសារសំខាន់នៃវប្បធម៌ខ្មែរយើង នៅក្រោយសម័យអង្គរ ឬហៅថា
សម័យកណ្ដាល តមកដល់បច្ចុប្បន្ននេះ។

គំនិតដែលយើងគួរពិចារណាគឺ បើយើងនៅមានបណ្ដាជនខ្មែររស់នៅរហូតមកទល់នឹងពេល
នេះគឺថា ក្នុងរយៈពេលតាំងពីប្រហែលសតវត្សទី១៥មកនោះ មានយ៉ាងតិចក៏៥០០ឆ្នាំមក
ហើយដែរ។ ដូច្នេះ ក្នុងពេលនេះបណ្ដាជនខ្មែរនៅតែរក្សាបែបទំនៀមទម្លាប់ វប្បធម៌ អរីយធម៌
របស់ខ្លួនជានិច្ច។

លោកសាស្រ្តាចារ្យបណ្ឌិត អាំង ជូលាន នៃមហាវិទ្យាល័យបូរាណវិទ្យានៅប្រទេសកម្ពុជា
បានមានប្រសាសន៍ពន្យល់ថា ខ្មែរយើងមាននិន្នាការគិតថាវប្បធម៌និងអរីយធម៌ខ្មែរហាក់
បាត់បង់អស់នៅក្រោយសម័យអង្គរ។ លោកថាតាមព្រត្តិការណ៍ពិត មិនដូច្នោះទេ។ វប្បធម៌
និងអរីយធម៌ខ្មែរនៅតែមានសារសំខាន់ដដែល ក្នុងជំនាន់ក្រោយសម័យអង្គរ ទោះជាមានការ
ប្ដូរសាសនាទៅកាន់ព្រះពុទ្ធសាសនានោះក៏ដោយ។លោកពន្យល់អំពីបញ្ហានេះតទៅទៀត។

សំឡេងលោកបណ្ឌិតអាំងជូលាន

មួយវិញទៀត លោកបដិសេធថា អង្គរមិនមែនត្រូវគេបោះបង់ចោល ហើយគ្មានមនុស្សរស់
នៅសោះនោះឡើយ។

សំឡេងលោកបណ្ឌិតអាំងជូលាន

អស់លោកអ្នកនាងកំពុងស្ដាប់នាទីកម្រងសង្គមនៃវិទ្យុអូស្ដ្រាលី។

លោកសាស្រ្តាចារ្យបណ្ឌិតអាំងជូលានបានអធិប្បាយដែរអំពីសិលាចារឹកដែលមាននៅលើ
ប្រាសាទអង្គរ ដែលជាឯកសារបានចារឡើង សម្រាប់យើងអាចយល់បានអំពីជំនាន់ក្រោយ
សម័យអង្គរ ដែលហៅថាសម័យកណ្ដាលនោះ។

សំឡេងលោកបណ្ឌិតអាំងជូលាន
សម័យកណ្ដាលនោះក៏បានទុកបន្សល់មកដល់បច្ចុប្បន្ននេះ នូវស្នាដៃសំខាន់ៗក្នុងអក្សរ
សាស្រ្តខ្មែរផងដែរ។ ចំណែកឯការប្រើភាសាក៏មានការផ្លាស់ប្ដូរពីការប្រើសំស្រ្កឹតដែរ ដូច
លោកសាស្រ្តាចារ្យបណ្ឌិត អាំង ជូលាន មានប្រសាសន៍តទៅទៀតនេះ។
សំឡេងលោកបណ្ឌិតអាំងជូលាន
អំបាញ់មិញគឺប្រសាសន៍លោកសាស្រ្តាចារ្យបណ្ឌិត អាំង ជូលាន នៃមហាវិទ្យាល័យបូរាណ
វិទ្យានៅប្រទេសកម្ពុជា។

សម័យដើម និង សម័យអង្គរ

មនុស្សដែលមានរូបរាងស្រដៀង ហើយដែលប្រហែលជានិយាយភាសាដូច ជនជាតិខ្មែរសព្វថ្ងៃ បានរស់នៅក្នុងប្រទេសកម្ពុជាអស់រយៈពេលប៉ុន្មានពាន់ឆ្នាំ មកហើយ មុនពេលដែលពួកគេ ចាប់ធ្វើកំនត់ត្រាដែលខ្លះមាននៅសេសសល់ដល់ សព្វថ្ងៃនេះនាសតវត្សទី៦។ មុននឹងឈានដល់ដើមសម័យនេះ ខ្មែរបានចាប់ផ្តើម បង្កើតនូវឧបករណ៍ប្រើប្រាស់ អាវុធ និង គ្រឿងតុបតែងនានាជាបន្តបន្ទាប់អំពីថ្ម សំរិទ្ធ និង លង្ហិនរួចមកហើយ។ បីបួនសតវត្សក្រោយមក ពួកគេបានស្វែងរក និង ចាប់យកនូវតួអក្សរ, រូបភាព និង ពាក្យពេជន៍ដ៏វិសិដ្ឋ (ភាសាសំស្រ្កឹត) ជាច្រើនពីឥណ្ឌា។ ពួកគេ ក៏បានផ្លាស់ប្តូរពីការប្រមាញ់ និង ប្រមូលផ្តុំបែបពនេចរ មកជាការផលិតស្រូវដ៏ស្ថិតស្ថេរសំរាបភូមិឃុំរបស់គេ។ ពួកគេ ក៏បានបង្កើតជាតំបន់ក្រុងនានានៅភាគខាងត្បូងប្រទេសកម្ពុជាបច្ចុប្បន្ន និង នៅក្នុងទឹកដីដែលយើង សព្វថ្ងៃហៅថាវៀតណាម ហើយបានបង្កើតបានជាបណ្តាញធារាសាស្រ្ត និង ព្រែកជីកដ៏ទូលំទូលាយ។

យើងបានដឹងអំពីវិធីដែលអាណាចក្រដំបូងៗទាំងអស់នេះបានកកើតឡើងតាមរយៈ សិលាចារិក និង កំនត់ហេតុដ៏រប៉ាត់រប៉ាយជាភាសាចិនយ៉ាងច្រើន។ លោក Michael Vickery បានសរសេរថា នគរដំបូងទាំងអស់នេះ “ត្រូវបានផ្សំឡើងដោយតំបន់ សាមន្តរាជតូចៗជាច្រើន ដែលត្រូវបានបែងចែកចេញជាពីរវណ្ណៈ (អ្នកដឹកនាំ និង ប្រជារាស្រ្ត ធម្មតា) និង បីកំរិតធំៗ៖ ប្រធាន ឬ ព្រះរាជា, មន្រ្តី ឬ អ្នកមានមុខមាត់ និង ប្រជារាស្ត្រសាមញ្ញ”។ អ្នកដែលមានអំណាច បានផ្តល់ជូននូវការការគាំពាជា ប្រចាំ ក្នុងខណៈពេលដែល គំរោងការងារធារាសាស្រ្តនានា បានជួយធានាឲ្យមានការប្រមូលផលយ៉ាងទៀងទាត់។ ប៉ុន្តែ សិលាចារិកនានា ហាក់ដូចជាមិនបាន រៀបរាប់អំពី គោលគំនិតទាក់ទងនឹងការដែលសមធម៌បានជ្រាបចូលក្នុង ការសំរេចចិត្តនយោបាយនានានៅឡើយ។

នៅក្នុងសម័យអង្គរ ការរៀបចំឋានានុក្រមទាំងនេះ (និង បញ្ហាដ៏ក្តៅគគុកទាក់ទងនឹង “វណ្ណៈ”, “ទាសករ” និង “ការបង្កើតរដ្ឋ”) មានសភាពកាន់តែស្មុគស្មាញឡើង ដោយសាររដ្ឋកាន់តែបង្កលក្ខណៈរំខាន ហើយព្រះរាជារឹតតែមានអំណាចឡើង។ ចាប់ពីពេលនោះមក ក៏ចាប់ផ្តើមមាននូវការកាត់ផ្តាច់ឥតឈប់ឈរ រវាងភូមិឃុំ និង គ្រួសារ និងរវាងចំណាប់អារម្មណ៍ផ្នែកសម្ភារៈរបស់ពួកគេ និង អ្វីដែលជាការទាមទារ របស់អ្នកមានអំណាច។ នៅពេលដែលរដ្ឋរឹតតែខ្លាំង មន្រ្តីនៅក្នុងភូមិឃុំនិងតំបន់ ច្រើនតែទន់ខ្សោយ ហើយនៅពេលដែលរដ្ឋចុះទន់ខ្សោយ រដ្ឋអំណាចភូមិឃុំ និងក្នុងតំបន់បែរជាមានអំណាចច្រើនបង្គួរ (បើមិនបាន ច្រើនស្មើនឹងរដ្ឋ)។ ខ្ញុំ សង្ស័យថា ព្រះរាជានានានៃសម័យនោះ គឺអាចប៉ះពាល់បាន ហើយក៏មិនល្អឥតខ្ចោះ ដូចត្រូវបានរៀបរាប់ក្នុងសិលាចារិកនោះឡើយ ហើយបញ្ហាអំពើហឹង្សា និង ភាពវឹកវរនៅក្នុងនគរ មានលេចឡើង ច្រើនជាងអ្វីដែលត្រូវបានសារភាព និង រ៉ាយរ៉ាប់នៅក្នុងសិលាចារិកទៅទៀត។ ប៉ុន្តែ វាមានលក្ខណៈគ្រោះថ្នាក់ខ្លាំងណាស់ក្នុងការទស្សន៍ទាយបែបនេះ ដោយហេតុថាកំនត់ត្រាទាំងអស់នោះ ច្រើនតែមិនសូវពេញលេញចប់ចុងចប់ដើម និងដោយសារប្រជាពលរដ្ឋសាមញ្ញ ដែលជាធម្មតាសមតែចាប់អារម្មណ៏ខ្លាំងចំពោះបញ្ហាសមធម៌ បែរជាចូលរួមស្ទើរតែ ទាំងអស់ក្នុងនាមជាអ្នកបំរើដ៏ស្មោះស្ម័គ្រជូនដល់ព្រះរាជា និង មូលដ្ឋានសាសនានានា។

ដូចជាពេលនេះដែរ សហគមន៍ និង ក្រុមគ្រួសារតូចៗនានានៅកម្ពុជា តែងតែខិតខំដើម្បីទទួលបាននូវសេចក្តីសុខ និង ភាពស្រុះស្រួល គឺធ្វើយ៉ាងណាឲ្យជីវភាពរបស់គេ (ដែលរួមមានការរស់នៅ, ការចិញ្ចឹមកូនចៅ, ការដាំដុះ និង ការប្រារព្ធបុណ្យទានជូនដល់ព្រលឹងបុព្វបុរសឬអ្នកតា) អាចបន្តទៅបាន។ អ្នកភូមិទាំងនោះ បានពឹងផ្អែកយ៉ាងខ្លាំងទៅលើចៅហ្វាយនាយ ដែលអាចការពារពួកគេពីការទាមទាររបស់រដ្ឋ។ ការរៀបចំទាំងនេះ សុទ្ធតែបានជួយជំរុញឲ្យមាននូវសមធម៌មួយបែបក្នុងកំរិតតូចមួយនៅក្នុងចំណោមអ្នកចូលរួមទាំងអស់។ ចំណែកឯរដ្ឋខ្លួនឯងវិញ បានធ្វើការយ៉ាងសកម្មតាមរយៈបណ្តាញអ្នកចូលរួម និង តាមរយៈអាទិភាពសំខាន់ៗមួយចំនួន ដែលជួនកាលត្រូវបាន បន្ធួរបន្ថយដោយសារការសម្តែងចេញនូវភាពស្មោះស្ម័គ្រនិង ក្តីបារម្ភ។

បើយោងតាមគំនិតបែបសតវត្សទី២១វិញ យើងអាចសន្និដ្ឋានបានថា ភាពវឹកវរ និងការមិនសប្បាយចិត្តជាច្រើន បានកើតមានឡើងដោយសារវិសមធម៌ នៃអំណាចនាសម័យអង្គរ។

តែទោះជាយ៉ាងណា សេចក្តីសនិដ្ឋាននេះ អាចជាការយល់ច្រឡំ។ នៅពេលរុងរឿងបំផុត អង្គរគឺជាក្រុងដែលធំជាងគេលើលោក តែមានដង់ស៊ីតេ ប្រជាជនទាប។ ទីក្រុងដែលមានផ្ទៃដីជាង ១.០០០គីឡូម៉ែតការ៉េនេះ មានប្រជាពលរដ្ឋចំនួនប្រមាណ៧០០.០០០នាក់។ កត្តាជាច្រើនបន្ថែមពី លើការប្រើអំណាច ឃោរឃៅ បំភិតបំភ័យ និង ការជិះជាន់កេងប្រវ័ញ្ច បានបង្រ្កាបមនុស្សជាច្រើនឲ្យស្ថិតនៅក្រោមបញ្ជា។ អ្នកការទូតចិននាម ជី តាក្វាន់ បានរៀបរាប់នាឆ្នាំ១២៩៦ ថា អង្គរ ជាក្រុងដ៏ធំហើយរុងរឿងមួយ។ ខ្ញុំសង្ស័យថា កត្តាដែលជំរុញឲ្យមនុស្សសុខចិត្តនៅក្រោមបញ្ជាបានយូរយ៉ាងនេះ រួមមានកត្តា មានទឹកគ្រប់គ្រាន់ កត្តារកអាហារបានងាយស្រួល កត្តាទទួលបានការការពារពី សំណាក់យោធា និង កត្តាដែលបុគ្គលខ្លួនឯងមាន អារម្មណ៍ថាខ្លួនគេជាចំណែកមួយ នៃទឹកដី ដែលត្រូវបានប្រោះព្រំឲ្យពរដោយទេវៈ និង ព្រះរាជាមួយនេះ។ មនុស្សម្នាសាមញ្ញទាំងអស់នៅក្នុងក្រុងអង្គរ ស្ទើរតែគ្រប់ពេលតែងរួចផុតពី ទុក្ខវេទនានៃការបំបិទសិទ្ធ ប៉ុន្តែយើងនៅតែមិនអាចនិយាយបានថា ពួកគេសុទ្ធតែបានរើសយកជីវភាពបែបនេះនោះដែរ។ ពួកគេ សុទ្ធតែគ្មាន បទពិសោធន៍ ឬក៏ទស្សនទាន អំពីពិភពមួយផ្សេងទៀត ដែលមានស្ថានភាពសង្គម គួរឲ្យទាក់ទាញ ហើយស្មើភាពជាងនេះ។

ប្រាសាទអង្គរវត្ត

នៅលើផែនដីមានកន្លែងមិនច្រើនទេដែលអាចប្រកួតប្រជែងនឹងភាពត្រចះត្រចង់នៃប្រាសាទអង្គរវត្ត។ អង្គរវត្តគឺជាសំនង់ខាងសាសនាធំជាងគេនៅលើពិភពលោក។ ពិតហើយនេះជាអច្ឆរិយវត្ថុមួយនៃ ពិភពលោក។ ប្រាសាទនេះត្រូវបានគេជឿថាប្រើជាប្រាសាទ និងជាផ្នូរសំរាប់ព្រះបាទសូរ្យវរ្ម័នទី២ នៅចំកណ្តាលចក្រភពខ្មែរនៅពាក់កណ្តាលទីមួយនៃសតវត្សទី១២។ អង្គរវត្តត្រូវបានថែរក្សាល្អបំផុតនៅក្នុងចំនោមប្រាសាទនៅសម័យអង្គរ។ ប្រាសាទផ្សេងៗទៀតនិងទីក្រុងដែលមានកំពែងព័ទ្ធជុំវិញអង្គរធំ មានន័យថាស្ថាបត្យកម្មខ្មែរទាក់ទងនឹងគំនិតនៃប្រាសាទភ្នំ។ ពេលកសាងប្រាសាទអង្គរវត្តនៅដើមសតវត្សទី ១២ រឿងនេះត្រូវបានគេគិតយ៉ាងល្អិតល្អន់ តួប៉មកណ្តាលត្រូវបានហ៊ុំព័ទ្ធដោយកំពូល ៤។ កំពូលកណ្តាលតំនាងអោយភ្នំព្រះសុមេរុក្នុងរឿងទេវកថា ជាភ្នំពិសិទ្ធនៅចំកណ្តាលចក្រវាឡ ដែលជាលំនៅដ្ឋាននៃព្រះនរាយណ៍ (វិស្ណុ) ក្នុងសាសនាហិណ្ឌូ។ កំពូលទាំង៥ជានិមិត្តរូបនៃកំពូលទាំង៥របស់ភ្នំសុមេរុ។ វាពិបាកនឹងអធិប្បាយតាមពាក្យសំដីចំពោះភាពសំបើមនៃអង្គរវត្ត ប៉ុន្តែវាអាចពន្យល់ជាផ្នែកដោយការមើលទៅលើទំហំរួម។ ប្រាសាទត្រូវព័ទ្ធដោយទក្សិណទឹក ដែលដូចគ្នាទៅនឹងប៉មនៃទីក្រុងឡុង ដែលបានកសាងឡើងក្នុងពេលប្រហាក់ប្រហែលគ្នា មើលទៅមិនខុសគ្នាច្រើនទេទៅនឹងប្រលាយចំការ។ ទក្សិណទឹកមានទទឹង ១៩០ម និង បង្កើតបានជារាងចតុកោណកែង ១,៥គ.មx១,៣គ.ម។ គិតមើលទៅថាវាពិបាកចំពោះកំលាំងវាយប្រហារផ្សេងៗដែលមានការការពារដ៏មាំមួន។ ប៉ុន្តែទក្សិណគ្រាន់តែជានិមិត្តរូបនៃមហាសមុទ្រព័ទ្ធជុំវិញពិភពលោកនៃ ប្រាសាទក្នុងសាសនាហិណ្ឌូជាជាងប្រើជាកំពែងការពារ។ របងព័ទ្ធជុំវិញនៅមាត់ទក្សិណខាងក្នុងចតុកោណដែងមានទំហំ ១០២៥មx៨០០ម មានក្លោងទ្វារមួយនៅផ្នែកជ្រុងនិមួយៗ។ ប៉ុន្តែវាខុសប្រក្រតីចំពោះឥទ្ធិពលសំខាន់នៃសាសនាហិណ្ឌូនៃ ប្រាសាទសម័យអង្គរ។ ច្រកចូលសំខាន់បែរមុខទៅទិសខាងលិច។ ក្លោងទ្វារចូលនេះគឺតុបតែងដោយរោងទងគឺទទឹង២៣៥មដែលមានទ្វារ៣។ ទោះបីយ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ រតនសម្បត្តិដ៏ឆ្នើមបំផុតរបស់ប្រាសាទគឺមានក្បាច់ចំលាក់រាប២គម នៅជុំវិញជញ្ជាំងរោងថែវខាងក្រៅដែលមានចំលាក់ទេវតានិងអប្សរារាប់ រយ។ ចំលាក់សាំញ៉ាំនៅតាមរោងថែវប្រាប់នូវរឿងផ្សេងៗដូចជា ព្រះនរាយណ៍ ជ័យជំនះរបស់
ព្រះបាទសូរ្យវរ្ម័នទី២នៅលើសមរភូមិ។ បរិវេណគ្របដណ្តប់ដោយផ្ទៃដី៨១ហិចតា។

ប្រាសាទបាយ័ន

ប្រាសាទភ្នំមួយនេះមានទីតាំងនៅកណ្តាលទីក្រុងអង្គរធំ ហើយត្រូវបានសាងសង់ឡើងដោយ ព្រះបាទជ័យវរ្ម័នទី៧ដែលសាងសង់ប្រកបទៅដោយក្បាច់រំលេចឡើងជារាងសាជីជ្រុង មានផ្លូវចូលពីខាងកើត និងមានចំនួន៣ជាន់ទៀតផង។ ចេតិយធំដែលស្ថិតនៅចំកណ្តាលនៃតួប្រាសាទទាំងមូលត្រូវបានឡោមព័ទ្ធដោយកំពូលប្រាសាទតូចៗចំនួន ៥៤ប្រាសាទ ដែលមានមុខធំៗតំនាងអោយមុខរបស់ លោកេស្វរៈ តែរូបចំលាក់ទាំងអស់នោះមានលក្ខណៈពិសេសដូចទៅនឹងមុខរបស់ព្រះបាទជ័យវរ្ម័នទី៧　ដែរ។ រូបចំលាក់ទាំងអស់បែរមុខទៅគ្រប់ទិសធំៗទាំងបួន ទោះបីជាអ្នកស្ថិតនៅកន្លែងណានៃតួប្រាសាទក៏ដោយ ក៏អ្នកស្ថិតនៅក្រោមក្រសែភ្នែក និងទឹកមុខញញឹមប៉ប្រឹមមិនចេះរីងស្ងួតរបស់អ្នកទាំងនោះដែរ។ ព្រះបាទជ័យវរ្ម័នទី៧គឺផ្ទុយពីបុព្វការីជនរបស់ព្រះអង្គ ដែលគោរពអាទិទេពនៃសាសនាហិណ្ឌូ គឺព្រះសេវៈ និងព្រះវិស្ណុ។ ព្រះអង្គបានជ្រើសយកពុទ្ធសាសនាមហាយានធ្វើជាសាសនារបស់ព្រះនគរ។ ប្រាសាទបាយ័នមានទីតាំងនៅដាច់ចេញពីប្រាសាទនានានៃបរិវេណអង្គរ។

ប្រសាទតាកែវ

ប្រាសាទនេះគឺជាលទ្ធផលផ្លែផ្កាមួយ ក្រោមការខិតខំប្រឹងប្រែងរបស់ព្រះបាទសូរ្យវរ្ម័នទី១ នាសតវត្សទី១០ ដើម្បីឧទ្ទិសថ្វាយដល់ព្រះសិវៈ។ ប្រាសាទនេះត្រូវបានស្ថាបនាឡើងជារាងសាជីដែលមាន៥ដំនាក់ និងមានកំពស់២០ម៉ែត្រប៉ុន្តែជាអកុសលប្រាសាទតាកែវមួយនេះមិនបានសាងសង់រួចរាល់ជាស្ថាពរនោះទេ។

ស្រះស្រង់

ស្រះស្រង់គឺជា ស្រះមួយដែលសាងសង់សំរាប់ព្រះរាជា និងមានទីតាំងនៅទល់មុខខ្លោងទ្វារខាងកើតនៃប្រាសាទបន្ទាយក្តី។ បើតាមដឹង ស្រះនេះគឺជាកន្លែងសំរាប់ព្រះរាជាស្រង់ទឹក។

ប្រាសាទបាពូន

ប្រាសាទនេះត្រូវបានសាងសង់ឡើងដោយព្រះបាទឧទយាទិត្យវរ្ម័នទី២ និងជាស្ថាបត្យកម្មដែលទ្រុឌទ្រោមជាងគេក្នុងចំនោមប្រាសាទនៅបរិវេណអង្គរ។ វាគឺជាប្រាសាទដែលបង្ហាញពីភាពដ៏សម្បើមអស្ចារ្យមួយក្នុងចំនោមប្រាសាទចាស់ៗដែលនៅសេសសល់។ ប្រាសាទភ្នំមួយនេះគឺសាងសង់ឡើង ដើម្បីឧទ្ទិសថ្វាយដល់ព្រះសិវៈ តែចំពោះរូបចំលាក់ជាច្រើនត្រូវបានគេមើលឃើញថា បានបង្ហាញពីហេតុការណ៍ចម្បាំងរបស់ព្រះវិស្ណុ។ ហើយប្រាសាទនេះត្រូវបានគេកំពុងស្ថាបនាអោយដូចដើមឡើងវិញផងដែរ។

ប្រាសាទប្រែរូប

ប្រាសាទនេះសាងសង់ឡើងនៅក្នុងសតវត្សទី១០ដោយព្រះបាទរាជេន្ទ្រវរ្ម័នទី២។ នៅក្នុងការស្ថាបនានេះយើងអាចឃើញបន្ទប់ធំវែងៗ ដែលជាបន្ទប់យ៉ាងសាមញ្ញបំផុតជាមួយនឹងច្រកចូលតូចៗបន្តបន្ទាប់ជាច្រើន។ ប្រែរូបគឺមានន័យថាក្រលាខ្លួនហើយប្រជាជនខ្មែរមានជំនឿថា ប្រាសាទនេះគឺជាបូជនីយដ្ឋានសំរាប់បញ្ចុះសព។

ប្រាសាទមេបុណ្យខាងកើត

បានសាងសង់ឡើងនៅសតវត្សទី១០ផងដែរដោយព្រះបាទរាជេន្ទ្រវរ្ម័នទី២។ ប្រាសាទនេះស្ថិតនៅលើកូនកោះតូចមួយនៅចំកណ្តាលភាគខាងកើតបារាយណ៍។ ហើយមានលក្ខណៈជាប្រាសាទភ្នំ តែយើងអាចទៅកាន់កោះនោះបានតែដោយសារទូកប៉ុណ្ណោះ។ ដោយយោងទៅលើសិលាចារឹកដែលនៅជិតៗនោះ យើងអាចសន្និដ្ឋានបានថាព្រះបាទរាជេន្ទ្រវរ្ម័នទី២សាងសង់ប្រាសាទនេះឡើងដើម្បីឧទ្ទិសដល់ព្រះមាតាបិតារបស់ព្រះអង្គ។

ខេត្តសៀមរាបនៅមុនសម័យអង្គរ

អ្នកស្រាវជ្រាវខាងប្រវត្តិវិទ្យា និងបុរាណវិទ្យាជាច្រើន បានអះអាងថាប្រវត្តិសាស្រ្តនៃតំបន់សៀមរាប អង្គរបានចាប់ផ្តើមឡើងនៅ ឆ្នាំ៨០២ នៃគ្រិស្តសករាជក្នុងរជ្ជកាលព្រះបាទជ័យវរ្ម័នទី២ ក្រោយពី ព្រះមហាក្សត្រអង្គនេះបានយាងមកពី ប្រទេសជ្វានៅឆ្នាំ៨០០ នៃគ្រិស្តសករាជ។ តាមឯកសារខាងលើបានឲ្យដឹងថា សេ្តចជ័យវរ្ម័នទី២ កាលក្នុងដំណាក់កាលទី២ ទ្រង់គង់នៅ ទីក្រុងឥន្រ្ទបុរៈ នៅ ខេត្តកំពង់ចាម បន្ទាប់មកគង់នៅលើ ភ្នំគូលែន និង ចុងក្រោយបំផុតទ្រង់គង់នៅ ទីក្រុងមារីមារាល័យឬ ទីក្រុងរលួស ដែលជារាជធានីដើមនា សម័យអង្គរ។ លោកបណ្ឌិតមីសែល ត្រាណេបានមានប្រសាសន៍ឲ្យដឹងថា វប្បធម៌‌អង្គរបានផ្តើមឡើង នៅក្នុងឆ្នាំ៨០២ នៃគ្រិស្តសករាជ គឺនៅពេលដែល ព្រះបាទជ័យវរ្ម័នទី២ បានអភិសេកជាព្រះមហាក្សត្រ នៅលើ ភ្នំគូលែន។ ការអភិសេករបស់ទ្រង់ គឺឈរលើមូលដ្ឋាន នៃពិធីទេវរាជ ដែលបានផ្តល់ ចំពោះ ព្រះអង្គនូវ មហិទ្ធិប្ញទ្ធិ ដើម្បីធ្វើការ បង្រួបបង្រួមជាតិ ។ ការអះអាងបានបង្អាញឲ្យដឹងទៀតថា វប្បធម៌‌សម័យបុរេអង្គរ(មុនអង្គរ)គឺ ឯកសារ មួយចំនួនបាន ផែ្អកតាមកំណត់ហេតុ ចិន។ ឯកសាររបស់គេបាន សំអាងលើកំណត់ត្រាផង និង ស្ថាបត្យកម្មប្រាង្គប្រាសាទមួយចំនួនផង ។ ឯព្រឹត្តិការណ៍ ដែលគួរឲ្យកត់សម្គាល់ ជាខ្លាំងមួយទៀត គឺក្នុងអំឡុង សម័យចេនឡា នៅលើទឹកដីបវរនៃ ខេត្តសៀមរាបអង្គរ។ កំណត់ហេតុ ចិនបានឲ្យដឹងថា ទីក្រុងដំបូងបំផុត នៅខេត្តសៀមរាបមានឈ្មោះថា "នគរគម្ពីរ" ដែលសិ្ថតនៅរវាងបារាយណ៍ខាងលិច និងបារាយណ៍ខាងកើតនៃ តំបន់សៀមរាបអង្គរ។ សេ្តចខែ្មរដែលសោយរាជ្យសម្បត្តិនៅ នគរគម្ពីរនេះគឺ ព្រះបាទចន្រ្ទវរ្ម័ន ។ លោកបណ្ឌិតមីសែល ត្រាណេបានមានប្រសាសន៍ឲ្យដឹងបនែ្ថមទៀតថា កាលពីសម័យបុរេអង្គរនាអំឡុងឆ្នា៨០២ នេះ សេដ្ឋកិច្ច និង បរិយាកា សង្គមរបស់ តំបន់សៀមរាបអង្គរ មានការវិវឌ្ឍន៍ជាវិជ្ជមាន។ គេបានឃើញមានការរៀបចំដែនដី ឬនគរូបនីយកម្មដែនដីក្នុង តំបន់នីមួយៗនៃខេត្តនេះ យ៉ាងច្បាស់លាស់ទៅហើយ ចាប់តាំងពី ចុងសតវត្សរ៍ទី៦ នៃដើមសតវត្សរ៍ទី៧ នៃគ្រិស្តសករាជ។ ជនជាតិខែ្មរក្រោមការដឹកនាំរបស់ ព្រះមហាក្សត្រ និង ពួកព្រាហ្មបុរោហិត បានចាប់ផ្តើម គម្រោងការសាងសង់ ប្រាសាទឥដ្ឋដំបូងបង្អស់ជាច្រើនមានជាអាទិ ប្រាសាទព្រៃកេ្មង ប្រាសាទពោធិ ប្រាសាទគោកតាសៀន ប្រាសាទវត្តខ្នាត និងប្រាសាទព្រៃប្រាសាទជាដើម។ រីឯវិស័យសង្គមកិច្ចវិញ គេបានដឹងថា បុព្វការីជនខែ្មរ ចូលចិត្តកសាងទីលំនៅរបស់ខ្លួននៅកែ្បរៗ ទនេ្លសាបកែ្បរអូរ ស្ទឹងធម្មជាតិជាដើម។ ការកសាងប្រាសាទក៏ដូច្នោះដែរ គឺបុព្វការីជនខែ្មរតែងតែជ្រើសរើស រកទីតាំងណាខ្ពស់មិនលិចទឹក នៅរដូវវស្សា គំនិតរបស់ខែ្មរក្នុងការជ្រើសរើសទីតាំងខ្ពស់ សម្រាប់ការកសាងសំណង់ផេ្សងៗ ជាប្រយោជន៍រួម គឺនៅតែបន្តរហូតមកទល់សព្វថៃ្ងនេះ ^[២]។

listing with me

2008-08-22T20:50:00.000-07:00

2008-08-22T13:55:00.000-07:00

SUNGAI KOLOK, Thailand — A bomb hidden in a car exploded at the scene of an earlier bombing, killing a reporter and a rescue worker responding to the first attack and wounded 30 other people in a southern Thai town bordering Malaysia, police said Friday.

The blast took place in Sungai Kolok about 20 minutes after police, reporters and onlookers were lured to the scene Thursday night by an earlier, smaller bomb on a motorcycle that exploded without hurting anyone, said police Maj-Gen Saritchai Anekwieng.

Thai Muslim villagers watch police officers inspect a bomb site after a bomb explosion in Thailand's largely Muslim province of Sungai Kolok, south of Bangkok, August 21. (Photo: Reuters)

The tactic is common in bombings in southern Thailand, where the blasts are usually attributed to Muslim separatists who have been carrying out an insurgency against the government for almost four years.

Thai TV Channel 9 said one of its reporters was seriously injured in the blast and that the slain reporter worked for the country's biggest newspaper, Thai Rath. Also among the wounded, who included civilians, was the town's police chief, police said.

Chakrit Chalardwanakit, a rescue worker from a local charity, died of his wounds Friday, Saritchai said.

The bomb on the motorcycle, which was parked across from a restaurant, exploded at about 9:30 p.m. (1430 GMT), and the car bomb about 20 minutes later.

The powerful bomb damaged buildings and vehicles within a 50-meter (50-yard) radius of the blast, police said.

More than 3,300 people have been killed in Thailand's predominantly Muslim southern provinces since early 2004, when a separatist movement flared after a lull of more than two decades.

The government has made little progress in curbing the violence despite the presence in the south of nearly 40,000 police and soldiers. Drive-by shootings and bombings occur almost daily.

More than 90 percent of Thailand's 65 million people are Buddhists, and many of the country's Muslims have long complained that they are treated as second-class citizens.

The southern Thais are the same ethnicity as Malays across the border in Malaysia and share the same religion, culture, food and language

Thai Loso song

2008-08-22T13:22:00.000-07:00

person with animal

2008-08-20T21:28:00.000-07:00

តាំងេពីយូរលង់មកហើយមនុស្សនិងសត្វតែង តែរស់នៅដោ
យផ្សារភ្ជាប់ជាមូយធម្មជាតិ។ ម៉ោ្លះហើយទំនាក់ទំនងរវាង
មនុស្សនិងសត្វតែងជះឥទ្ឋិពលដល់គ្នាទៅវិញមក។រហួត
មកដល់សព្វថៃ្ងនេះវត្តមានសត្វនៅទីកនែ្លងណាសសមែ្រក
សត្វ រាត្រីចរមានប្រផ្នូលយ៉ាងណានោះក៌នៅតែមានមនុស្ស
ខែ្មរជឿនិងយកចិត្តទុកដាក់ជាពិសេសនៅឡើយ។បន្ទាប់ទៅ
នេះយើងខ្ងុំសួមលើកយកបាតុភួតមួយចំនួនមកបង្ហាញជួន
ដើម្បីជ្រាបនិងទុកជាការយល់ដឺងខ្លះៗ អំពីជំនឿរបស់ខែ្មរពីបុរាណៗ

ជំនឿខែ្មរជាមួយនិងសត្វយំ

ខែ្មរយើងធ្លាប់ជឿថាខែ្លងស្រាកមៀមលលកខោ្មចសុទ្ទសឹងជាអ្នក
បំរើឬជាអ្នកនាំសាររបស់ខោ្មចព្រាយបិសាច។សម្រែកសត្វទាំង
នេះនៅពេលយប់ច្រើនតែធើ្វអោយមនុស្សខ្លាច ជាពិសេសកែ្មង
មានការខ្លាចចំពោះវា គេធ្លាប់ចំណាំថាបើកាលណាខែ្លងស្រាកទំ
យំនៅលើដំបូលផ្ទះណាឬក៌ទំនៅលើមែកឈើជិតផ្ទះណា
មនុស្សក្នុងផ្ទះ នោះនឺងឈឺធ្ងន់ឬនិងមានមនុស្សស្លាប់ផងដែរ

ឈ្លូសចូលស្រុក

ឈ្លូសជាសត្វព្រៃផ្លាងបំផុត។តាមចរិតធម្មជាតិរបស់វាវាខ្លាច
មនុស្សខ្លាចស្រុកភូមិណាស់ហើយ មិនងាយនឺងហាន ដើរមក
កាន់ទីជិតៗលំនៅរបស់មនុស្សឡើយៗប៉ុនែ្តដោយចៃដន្យប្រ
សិនបើរត់ចួលមកក្នុងភូមិទោះរត់កាត់ទទឺងភូមិ ឬបណោ្តយ
ភូមិក្តីទោះរត់់ឆ្លងផុតរួចខ្លួនក្តីទោះត្រូវអ្នកស្រុកវាយសម្លាប់
បានក្តី ចាស់បុរាណតែងតែទស្សន៏ទាយថាស្រុកភូមិនោះនឺង
កើតមានវបត្តិចលាចលភ័យភិតឬមាន ហេតុឧបទ្រព្យចង្រៃ
បែបណាមួយកើតឡើងជាមិនខាន ដូចជាឈ្លោះទាស់ទែង
បែកបាក់សមគី្កគ្នាមាន ភិតភ័យត្រូវឃ្លាតចាកចោល
ស្រុកភូមិឬមានកើតហេតុចង្រៃផេ្សងៗទៀត៕

អំពិលអំពែកចួលផ្ទះ

អំពិលអំពែកជាសត្វដង្កូវម្យ៉ាងមានជាតិហ្វូសហ្វ័រភ្លឺភែ្លកៗនៅ
ត្រង់ពោះរបស់វា។នៅពេសយប់ជាពិសេសនៅរដូវស្សាដែលមាន
ភ្លៀងផ្លាក់ជោកជាំអំពិលអំពែកកើតកូនកើតចៅជាច្រើន។
លុះពេលព្រលប់មកដល់វាហើរ ព្រោងព្រាតបញ្ចោញ
ពន្លឺភ្លិបភែ្លតពាសពេញព្រៃឬពាសពេញភូមិ។សត្វអំពិល
អំពែកចូលចិត្តហើរលេងសប្បាយតាមវាលស្មៅនៅទី
ធ្លាកែ្បរផ្ទះក្នុងភូមិ។ ប្រការដែលគូរអោយកត់សំគាល់គឺ
វាកម្រនឹងហើរចួលមកក្នុងផ្ទះណាស់។ ប៉ុនែ្តជាចៃដន្យ
បើវាហើរចូលក្នុងផ្ទះទោះបីលើឬក្រោយផ្ទះក្តីចាស់
បុរាណទាយថា វានាំយកលាភសក្ការះមកឪ្យម្ចាស់ផ្ទះនោះ។
ជួនកាលអំពិលអំពែកនៅហើរវីវក់ឆ្វែលចុះឆ្វែលឡើង
ក្នុងផ្ទះអស់ពេលយ់ាងយូរ។ជូនកាលវាចូលមកតែមួយ
ភ្លែតក៏ចេញទៅវិញ។ យោលទៅតាមបាតុភូតបែបនេះ
ទំនាយក៏ទាយតាមនោះដែរគឺថា បើវាចូលមកហើរចុះ
ហើរឡើងអស់រយះពេលយួរគេជឿ ថានឹងមានលាភធំ
ណាស់តែបើចូលមកតែមួយ ភ្លែតហើរចេញបាត់ទៅ
វិញទំនាយទាយថាមា នលាភដែរតែមានមន្តិចបន្តួចប៉ុណោ្ណះ។
អ្នកភូមិខ្លះៗនៃខេត្តកំពង់ធំកាលបើឃើញអំពិលអំពែកហើរចូលផ្ទះគេហាមកូនហាមចៅមិបឪ្យចាប់វាលេងឡើយព្រោះគេជឿថា
បើកាលណាវាងាប់ដោយក្មេងចាប់ដៃធ្ងង់ពេក នោះនឹងនាំឪ្យ
មានគ្រោះមហ្តរាយវិញ។ គេបង្កាប់កូនចៅឪ្យសូត្រជាបទស្មើៗថា
អំពិលអំពែកអើយកុំទៅផ្ទះគេគេចាប់គេចងមកផ្ទះ បងបងឪ្យ
កងពាក់បាក់មួយទៅបងឪ្យមួយទៀត យ៉ាងនេះជាដើម។

Khmer rock music

2008-08-17T06:46:00.000-07:00

๊ื๊๊University in cambodia

2008-08-16T13:25:00.000-07:00

Royal University of Phnom Penh

Panastra University of cambodia

Build Bright University

NPIC National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia

INternational University in Cambodia

Universities worldwide search Cambodia

University website in thailand

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khmerchatroom

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Game

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Game
hotspotgame

2008-08-12T06:04:00.000-07:00

Suthipong

Myfamily

2008-08-12T03:19:00.000-07:00

ThaiHistory

2008-08-12T03:10:00.000-07:00

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